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The central nervous system is responsible for:
a. integrative functions.
b. sensory functions.
c. motor functions.
d. Both b and c are correct.
Introduction:
In human beings, the central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord. Brain is a large and delicate organ, which is placed inside the cranial cavity. It contains several ventricles filled with protective CSF (cerebrospinal fluid). The four divisions of the brain are cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, and brainstem, which connect the brain to the spinal cord.
Answer to Problem 1CYR
Correct answer:
The central nervous system is responsible for integrative functions.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation for the correct answer:
Option (a) states that integrative functions are carried out by the central nervous system. Integrative functions include higher mental functions, such as use of language and learning, maintenance of homeostasis, planning and monitoring movements, decision making, and interpretation of sensory stimuli. These functions are exclusively performed by different components of CNS. Hence, option (a) is correct.
Explanation for the incorrect answers:
Option (b) states that sensory functions of the body are performed by the CNS. These functions include detection of all the sensory stimuli from the sense organs, which is performed by the nerves of peripheral nervous system. So, option (b) is an incorrect option.
Option (c) states that motor functions are performed by the CNS. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of motor neurons. All the motor functions of the body, such as stimulation of muscle contraction, or secretion by a gland are thus performed by the peripheral nervous system. So, option (c) is an incorrect option.
Option (d) states that both sensory and motor functions are performed via the CNS. However, they are performed by the PNS, which consists of several cranial and spinal nerves. So, option (d) is an incorrect option.
Hence, options (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect.
Thus, it can be concluded that integrative functions of the body are performed by the central nervous system (CNS). On the other hand, sensory and motor functions of the body are not performed via the central nervous system, as they involve PNS.
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