Concept explainers
If a parental DNA strand has the base sequence A-T-T-G-C-A-C-T, DNA polymerase would synthesize a new strand with the sequence
a. A-T-T-G-C-A-C-T.
b. T-A-A-C-G-T-G-A.
c. C-G-G-T-A-C-A-G.
d. The sequence of the new strand cannot be determined from the information given.
Introduction:
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) carrying the genetic information, is a double-helical structure. At the time of the replication, two strands of the DNA unwound from each other. The sole purpose of this mechanism is for the formation of the new strands which are complementary to each other. This is also known as Chargaff’s rule.
Answer to Problem 1MC
Correct answer:
According to the base pairing rule, if a parental DNA strand has A-T-T-G-C-A-C-T base sequence, its complementary strand will be formed having a T-A-A-C-G-T-G-A base sequence.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation for the correct statement:
Option (b) is given as, T-A-A-C-G-T-G-A. The formation of the new strands follows the complementarity rule. This states that A (adenine) will always pair with T (thymine) with a double bond whereas, G (guanine) will always pair with C (cytosine) with a triple bond. According to this rule, option (b) is correct.
Explanation for incorrect answers:
Option (a) is given as, A-T-T-G-C-A-C-T. Pairing either purine with purine or pyrimidine with a pyrimidine, imparts a strong repelling force thereby, hampering in the hydrogen bond formation between the bases. So, it is an incorrect answer.
Option (c) is given as, C-G-G-T-A-C-A-G. Formation of bonds depends upon the specific structure of the bases which allows them to form the hydrogen bond between them. Adenine shares only two atoms for the bond formation, which only welcomes thymine with its two atoms for the same. So, it is an incorrect answer.
Option (d) is given as the sequence of the new strand cannot be determined from the information given. Once the information about the bases is provided from one strand, it is possible to retrieve the other strand’s bases via Chargaff’s rule. As per the rule, A will always pair with T by two hydrogen bonds and G will always pair with C with three hydrogen bonds. So, it is an incorrect answer.
Hence, option (a), (c), and (d) are incorrect.
Therefore, it can be concluded that the retrieval of the other strand information at the time of replication is easy and useful. Once the information is provided about either of the strands, the further process can be studied with the help of complementary rule.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 12 Solutions
EBK BIOLOGY
- What is used to cut the DNA in panels 1 and 2? a. Restriction enzymes b. DNA polymerases c. DNA ligases d. RNA polymerases e. Reverse transcriptasearrow_forwardA primer is laid down complementary to the DNA sequence TAGCAATCGCA to prime synthesis of a daughter strand. What will the sequence of the primer be? A. ATCGTTAGCGT B. ATGGTTAGGGT C. AUCGUUAGCGU D. AUCGTUAGCGTarrow_forwardDNA polymerases make errors in matching as DNA is synthesized. These errors can be detected and repaired by: A. Ligase B. DNA polymerase C. Primase D. Helicasearrow_forward
- Below are DNA strands. Make the complementary DNA strand: Original Strand: 5’ A T G C A A A T T G C T C A C C G G G G A T C A G C A C 3’ Complementary Strand: Original Strand: 3’ A G G G G A T C A G C A C C G G A T T T C A T G A G C C 5’ Complementary Strand:arrow_forwardWhich of the following strands of DNA (assuming it was bound to its complementary strand to create a double-helix structure) would be the least difficult to break apart? a. 5' - CCGCCGGCATATCCGAT - 3' b. 5' - CCGCGCGATCGGCGCGT - 3' c. 5' - AATGAGGCCAATTGACA - 3' d. 5' - CCACCAGGCACAGCCGA - 3' e. 5' - AAATTGATATATAGGCA - 3'arrow_forwardGive the corresponding strand of the DNA having the sequence of:a. 5’ ATGGCTAGGATCGGTAACTGCGATCGATCAGCATGACTAG-3’b. 3’ TACCAGGATAATTCGAGGTACTACGACTAGGAT-5’c. 5’ AACATGATCTGGTCCATTAGCTTGTTCAATAATTAGC-3’arrow_forward
- A mistake in DNA replication, in which the wrong base is placed in the growing DNA strand, can have profound effects on the descendents of any cells that carry the mistake.In the following strand, the A has been changed to a G. Draw the DNA molecules that result from replication of the altered strands. Original Strand T A G C G T T Mutated Strand T G G C G T T A T C G C A A A T C G C A Aarrow_forwardUse the following information to answer the next question. A small segment of DNA has the following sequence: А -А -Т-С-Т -С -G-T-А The sequence of the complementary DNA strand is а. G - G - C-т -С -т-А-С -G b.T -T-A - G - A - G - C - A - T с.А - А - Т- С -т-с-G-Т - А d. C - C - G - A - G - A - T - G - Carrow_forwardIn the figure, which phosphate group will remain after this nucleotide is added to a growing DNA strand?arrow_forward
- During DNA replication, the Okazaki fragments are Select one: O a. single-strand RNA O b. RNA-DNA hybrid C. double-strand DNA O c. O d. single-stranded DNAarrow_forwardEach time double-stranded (ds) DNA is replicated, the resulting copies of DNA include: A. One parent (original) strand and one daughter (new) strand B. Either two parent (original) strands or two daughter (new) strands C. Four parent strands D. Four daughter strandsarrow_forwardWhat will most likely be the effect of the change in the DNA molecule? * A. the change will cause a harmful mutation B. the DNA molecule will be unable to replicate C. the organism will be reproduce D. the DNA molecules will code for a different protein Original strand: T A C G T A T G A A G C, Mutant strand: T A G C T A T G A A G C. what type of mutation? * A. Substitution B. Deletion C. Insertion D. Nonsense Which mechanism contributes to accuracy during DNA Replication? * A. The mismatch repair system recognizes an incorrect base-pair and corrects the mistake in the non-methylated strand B. Using primers increase accuracy because the first nucleotides is a new nucleic acid chain are more like to be correct. C. all DNA polymerase have a 5'-3' exonuclease activity which can remove…arrow_forward
- Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax CollegeBiology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning