Essentials of Genetics - Masteringgenetic
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134143699
Author: KLUG
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 2PDQ
Review the Chapter Concepts list on p. 215. These all center on how genetic information is stored in DNA and transferred to RNA prior to translation into proteins. Write a short essay that summarizes the key properties of the genetic code and the process by which RNA is transcribed on a DNA template.
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Name four major classes of DNA-binding proteins that are responsible for controlling transcription, and describe their structural features.
Refer to the DNA sequence provided:
3’ -TACTGAAGCGGCAGCCCCGCATGAGTAGACCTTACT-5’
a. What is the mRNA transcript of the anticoding strand of the DNA model?
b. What is the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide chain that will be translated from the mRNA in (a)?
Refer to the DNA sequence provided:3’ -TACTGAAGCGGCAGCCCCGCATGAGTAGACCTTACT-5’a. What is the mRNA transcript of the anticoding strand of the DNA model?
Chapter 12 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics - Masteringgenetic
Ch. 12 - CASE STUDY | A drug that sometimes works A...Ch. 12 -
CASE STUDY | A drug that sometimes works
A...Ch. 12 -
CASE STUDY | A drug that sometimes works
A...Ch. 12 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on the...Ch. 12 - Review the Chapter Concepts list on p. 215. These...Ch. 12 - In studies of frameshift mutations, Crick,...Ch. 12 -
4. The mRNA formed from the repeating...Ch. 12 - In studies using repeating copolymers, AC......Ch. 12 - Prob. 6PDQCh. 12 - Prob. 7PDQ
Ch. 12 -
8. When the amino acid sequences of insulin...Ch. 12 - Prob. 9PDQCh. 12 - Why doesn't polynucleotide phosphorylase (Ochoa's...Ch. 12 - Refer to Table 12.1. Can you hypothesize why a...Ch. 12 -
12. Predict the amino acid sequence produced...Ch. 12 - A short RNA molecule was isolated that...Ch. 12 - A glycine residue exists at position 210 of the...Ch. 12 - Shown here is a theoretical viral mRNA sequence...Ch. 12 -
16. Most proteins have more leucine than...Ch. 12 - Define the process of transcription. Where does...Ch. 12 - Describe the structure of RNA polymerase in...Ch. 12 - In a written paragraph, describe the abbreviated...Ch. 12 - Messenger RNA molecules are very difficult to...Ch. 12 - One form of posttranscriptional modification of...Ch. 12 - In a mixed copolymer experiment, messages were...Ch. 12 -
23. Shown in this problem are the amino acid...Ch. 12 - Alternative splicing is a common mechanism for...Ch. 12 - The genetic code is degenerate. Amino acids are...
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- An adult with a history of tanning has his genome sequenced. The beginning of a protein-coding region of his DNA reads ATGGGGATATGGCAT. If the protein-coding region of a healthy adult reads ATGGGGATATGAGCAT, identify the site and type of mutation.arrow_forwardDiscuss how degeneracy of the genetic code makes cells more robust to mutations.arrow_forwardContrast transcription and translation. Name at least three differences between the two processes.arrow_forward
- A normal mRNA that reads 5’ - UGCCAUGGUAAUAACACAUGAGGCCUGAAC- 3’ has an insertion mutation that changes the sequence to 5' -UGCCAUGGUUAAUAACACAUGAGGCCUGAAC- 3’. Translate the original mRNA and the mutated mRNA, and explain how insertion mutations can have dramatic effects on proteins. (Hint: Be sure to find the initiation site.)arrow_forward30. How can one identify the presence of introns in a hybrid of DNA and mRNA? Give an example of non-coding RNA and a regulatory DNA element.arrow_forwardExplain what is meant by stating that the genetic code is triplet and nonoverlapping? What did the finding that DNA base composition varied greatly among different organisms suggest about the genetic code? How was the identity of the UUU codon established?arrow_forward
- What is the biological significance of the extensive degeneracy of the genetic code?arrow_forwardConsider which of the five mutations is most likely to cause Duchenne muscular dystrophy in this family. Would this mutation affect the process of replication? Would this mutation affect the process of transcription? Would this mutation affect the process of translation? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardThe following represent deoxyribonucleotide sequences in the template strand of DNA: Sequence 1: 5′-CTTTTTTGCCAT-3′ Sequence 2: 5′-ACATCAATAACT-3′ Sequence 3: 5′-TACAAGGGTTCT-3′ (a) For each strand, determine the mRNA sequence that would be derived from transcription. (b) Using Figure 12–7, determine the amino acid sequence that is encoded by these mRNAs. (c) For Sequence 1, what is the sequence of the partner DNA strand?arrow_forward
- Refer to a genetic code table for the question. below is a portion of the template strand of a particular gene sequence. Which of the following would be the correct sequence of amino acids in the protein that this portion of the gene encodes? (Note that there are no entrance in this gene sequence, and this portion is found in the middle of the coding sequence, past the start codon, so you should transcribe and translate the entire portion of this sequence) template DNA : 3' - ACG GGT TCC TTT AAC GCG TAG -5' A) Thr-Gly-Ser-Phe-Asn-Ala B) Cys-Pro-Arg-Lys-Leu-Arg-Ile C) there is not enough information given to determine the amino acid sequence of this portion of the gene .arrow_forwardDiscuss evidence that the genetic code is almostuniversal, and cite some exceptions.arrow_forwardWhat is the concept of universality of the genetic code? What are the exceptions to this universality?arrow_forward
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