EBK HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134704227
Author: Silverthorn
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 12, Problem 31RQ
One way that scientists study muscles is to put them into a state of rigor by removing ATP. In this condition, actin and myosin are strongly linked but unable to move. On the basis of what you know about muscle contraction, predict what would happen to these muscles in a state of rigor if you (a) added ATP but no free calcium ions; (b) added ATP with a substantial concentration of calcium ions.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following step(s) about the excitation of skeletal muscle is/are incorrect?
1. Acetylcholine is released and binds to motor end plate receptors
2. An action potential is created and moves down T-tubules
3. Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
4. Calcium ions bind to tropomyosin to shift troponin off the binding sites for cross-bridging
5. Myosin forms cross-bridges and binds with actin to pull it towards middle of sarcomere
In an isometric contraction, how can the muscle stay the same length when the muscle is contracting? Can choose more than one
- The muscle is not able to generate more (or the same amount) force than the load, preventing shortening of the muscle.
- Calcium stops entering the sarcoplasm when the desired length is reached.
- Elastic elements of the muscle stretch in response to the contraction of the muscle, so that the muscle stays the same size despite shortening sarcomeres.
- The myosin heads detach from actin when they reach the desired length.
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding skeletal muscle contraction?
O a.
Calcium binds troponin specifically on a calcium binding site which then leads to tropomyosin
movement
O b. The action potential of a motor nerve is transmitted to a muscle fibre through the neuromuscular
junction which is a fusion of nerve and muscle cell membranes
O c. Fine motor movement/control is a result of recruiting smaller motor units
O d. Calcium is pumped into storage soon after it is released to the cytoplasm
Chapter 12 Solutions
EBK HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
Ch. 12.1 - Identify as many pairs of antagonistic muscle...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 12.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 12.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 12.1 - What are the three anatomical elements of a...Ch. 12.1 - What is the chemical signal at a neuromuscular...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 7CCCh. 12.1 - Prob. 8CCCh. 12.1 - Prob. 9CCCh. 12.1 - Name an elastic fiber in the sarcomere that aids...
Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 11CCCh. 12.1 - Prob. 12CCCh. 12.1 - Prob. 13CCCh. 12.1 - According to the convention for naming enzymes,...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 15CCCh. 12.1 - Prob. 16CCCh. 12.1 - Summation in muscle fibers means that the...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 18CCCh. 12.1 - Which type of runner would you expect to have more...Ch. 12.1 - What is the response of a muscle fiber to an...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 21CCCh. 12.2 - One study found that many world-class athletes...Ch. 12.3 - What is the response of a muscle fiber to an...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 24CCCh. 12.3 - Prob. 25CCCh. 12.3 - Prob. 26CCCh. 12.3 - Prob. 27CCCh. 12.3 - Prob. 28CCCh. 12.3 - What happens to contraction if a smooth muscle is...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 30CCCh. 12.3 - Prob. 31CCCh. 12.3 - Prob. 32CCCh. 12.3 - How can a neuron alter the amount of...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 34CCCh. 12.3 - Prob. 35CCCh. 12 - The three types of muscle tissue found in the...Ch. 12 - Which two muscle types are striated?Ch. 12 - Which type of muscle tissue is controlled only by...Ch. 12 - Arrange the following skeletal muscle components...Ch. 12 - The modified endoplasmic reticulum of skeletal...Ch. 12 - Prob. 6RQCh. 12 - Prob. 7RQCh. 12 - List six proteins that make up the myofibrils....Ch. 12 - List the letters used to label the elements of a...Ch. 12 - Briefly explain the functions of titin and...Ch. 12 - During contraction, the __________ band remains a...Ch. 12 - Explain the sliding filament theory of...Ch. 12 - Explain the roles of troponin, tropomyosin, and...Ch. 12 - Which neurotransmitter is released by somatic...Ch. 12 - What is the motor end plate, and what kinds of...Ch. 12 - Prob. 16RQCh. 12 - Prob. 17RQCh. 12 - Prob. 18RQCh. 12 - The basic unit of contraction in an intact...Ch. 12 - The two functional types of smooth muscle are...Ch. 12 - Prob. 21RQCh. 12 - Prob. 22RQCh. 12 - Prob. 23RQCh. 12 - Define muscle fatigue. Summarize factors that...Ch. 12 - Prob. 25RQCh. 12 - Prob. 26RQCh. 12 - Prob. 27RQCh. 12 - What is the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in...Ch. 12 - Compare and contrast: a. fast-twitch...Ch. 12 - Prob. 30RQCh. 12 - One way that scientists study muscles is to put...Ch. 12 - Prob. 32RQCh. 12 - On the basis of what you have learned about muscle...Ch. 12 - Prob. 34RQCh. 12 - Prob. 35RQ
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Figure 38.37 Which of the following statements about muscle contraction is true? The power stroke occurs when ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and phosphate. The power stroke occurs when ADP and phosphate dissociate from the myosin head. The power stroke occurs when ADP and phosphate dissociate from the actin active site. The power stroke occurs when Ca2+ binds the calcium head.arrow_forwardIn the diagram below, label the fine structure of a muscle, down to one of its myofibrils. Identify the basic unit of contraction in a myofibril.arrow_forwardSkeletal muscle contraction requires _________. a. calcium ions b. ATP c. arrival of a nerve impulse d. all of the abovearrow_forward
- What is the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cell contraction?arrow_forwardThe _____ is the basic unit of muscle contraction. a. myofibril b. sarcomere c. muscle fiber d. myosin filamentarrow_forwardYou are training athletes for the 100-meter dash. They need muscles specialized for speed and strength, not endurance. What muscle characteristics would your training regimen aim to develop? How would you alter it to train a long-distance swimmer?arrow_forward
- In a general sense, how do skeletal muscles produce movement?arrow_forwardExplain why (a) calcium ions and (b) ACh are vital for muscle contraction.arrow_forwardWith regard to muscle contraction, which of the following is an INCORRECT statement with regard to the interactions of filaments that occur in the sarcomere? A. When muscles are relaxed tropomyosin blocks binding sites on actin subunits, which keeps cross-bridges from forming. B. The myosin heads conduct a power stroke motion to slide when bound to actin, to move the "thin" filaments towards the center of the sarcomere. C. During contraction, actin subunits are removed from the ends of the "thin" filaments to shorten actin polymers, thus reducing the length of the sarcomere. D. "Thick" filaments are anchored at the M-line, while "thin" filaments are anchored at the Z-line. E. Numerous myosin heads engage with the actin filaments simultaneously, such that there is no back-slipping during the contraction process.arrow_forward
- When an action potential from a motor neuron arrives at the neuromuscular junction, a series of events occurs that leads to muscle contraction. Arrange following events in the correct order from first to last.arrow_forwardIn the process of muscle contraction, which of the following steps immediately comes after the propagation of an action potential down the t-tubules of a myofiber? sliding of tropomyosin causing exposure of actin binding of myosin head to actin's active site release of calcium from the terminal cisternae binding of acetylcholine to its receptor influx of sodium at the sarcolemmaarrow_forwardPut these events that occur in skeletal muscle in the correct chronological sequence: 1. Opening of mechanically-gated ryanodine receptors (RyR) on the sarcoplasmic reticulum 2. Ca²+ binding to troponin to initiate contraction 3. Activation of voltage-gated dihydropyridine (DHP) receptor in the T-tubule 4. Na+ influx through ligand-gated ion channels on the motor end plate 4, 3, 2, 1 2, 1, 4, 3 3, 1, 2, 4 4, 3, 1, 2 3, 1, 4, 2arrow_forward
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