Physics for Scientists & Engineers with Modern Physics [With Access Code]
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780321712592
Author: GIANCOLI
Publisher: Pearson College Div
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Question
Chapter 12, Problem 39P
To determine
The Young’s modulus of the tendon.
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Assume Young’s modulus for bone is 1.40×1010 N/m2
. The bone breaks if stress greater
than 1.50 × 109 N/m2
is imposed on it.
(i) What is the maximum force that can be exerted on the femur bone in the leg if it
has a minimum effective diameter of 2.50 cm?
(ii) If this much force is applied compressively, by how much does the 20.0 cm long bone
shorten?
(25) A biomechanical model of the bones and biceps muscles of a person's arm supporting a mass
m=2 kg is shown below. The weight of the forearm is 9 N. If the cross section of the tendon AB is 28
mm' what is the average normal stress in the tendon? 4f
290 mm
r OS
150 mm
200 mm
Assume Young's modulus of a femure bone of an effective diameter 2.5 cm is 1.5 x1010 N/m2. The bone breaks
if a stress greater than 2 x10° N/m² is imposed on it. What is the maximum force that can be exerted on it?
Chapter 12 Solutions
Physics for Scientists & Engineers with Modern Physics [With Access Code]
Ch. 12.1 - For simplicity, we wrote the equation in Example...Ch. 12.2 - We did not need to use the force equation to solve...Ch. 12.2 - CHAPTER-OPENING QUESTIONGuess Now! The diving...Ch. 12.2 - Why is it reasonable to ignore friction along the...Ch. 12.4 - Two steel wires have the same length and are under...Ch. 12 - Describe several situations in which an object is...Ch. 12 - A bungee jumper momentarily comes to rest at the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3QCh. 12 - Your doctors scale has arms on which weights slide...Ch. 12 - A ground retaining wall is shown in Fig. 1240a....
Ch. 12 - Can the sum of the torques on an object be zero...Ch. 12 - A ladder, leaning against a wall, makes a 60 angle...Ch. 12 - A uniform meter stick supported at the 25-cm mark...Ch. 12 - Prob. 9QCh. 12 - Prob. 10QCh. 12 - Place yourself facing the edge of an open door....Ch. 12 - Prob. 12QCh. 12 - Prob. 13QCh. 12 - Which of the configurations of brick, (a) or (b)...Ch. 12 - Name the type of equilibrium for each position of...Ch. 12 - Is the Youngs modulus for a bungee cord smaller or...Ch. 12 - Examine how a pair of scissors or shears cuts...Ch. 12 - Materials such as ordinary concrete and stone are...Ch. 12 - (I) Three forces are applied to a tree sapling, as...Ch. 12 - (I) Approximately what magnitude force, FM, must...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3PCh. 12 - (I) A tower crane (Fig. 1248a) must always be...Ch. 12 - (II) Calculate the forces FA and FB that the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 6PCh. 12 - (II) The two trees in Fig. 1250 are 6.6 m apart. A...Ch. 12 - Prob. 8PCh. 12 - Prob. 9PCh. 12 - Prob. 10PCh. 12 - (II) Find the tension in the two cords shown in...Ch. 12 - (II) Find the tension in the two wires supporting...Ch. 12 - Prob. 13PCh. 12 - (II) The force required to pull the cork out of...Ch. 12 - (II) Calculate and FA and FB for the beam shown in...Ch. 12 - Prob. 16PCh. 12 - Prob. 17PCh. 12 - (II) Three children are trying to balance on a...Ch. 12 - (II) The Achilles tendon is attached to the rear...Ch. 12 - (II) A shop sign weighing 215 N is supported by a...Ch. 12 - (II) A traffic light hangs from a pole as shown in...Ch. 12 - (II) A uniform steel beam has a mass of 940 kg. On...Ch. 12 - (II) Two wires run from the top of a pole 2.6 m...Ch. 12 - (II) A large 62.0-kg board is propped at a 45...Ch. 12 - (II) Repeat Problem 24 assuming the coefficient of...Ch. 12 - (II) A 0.75-kg sheet hangs from a massless...Ch. 12 - (II) A uniform rod AB of length 5.0 m and mass M =...Ch. 12 - (III) A 56.0-kg person stands 2.0 m from the...Ch. 12 - (III) A door 2.30 m high and 1.30 m wide has a...Ch. 12 - (III) A cubic crate of side s = 2.0 m is...Ch. 12 - (III) A refrigerator is approximately a uniform...Ch. 12 - (III) A uniform ladder of mass m and length leans...Ch. 12 - Prob. 33PCh. 12 - (I) A nylon string on a tennis racket is under a...Ch. 12 - (I) A marble column of cross-sectional area 1.4 m2...Ch. 12 - (I) By how much is the column in Problem 35...Ch. 12 - (I) A sign (mass 1700 kg) hangs from the end of a...Ch. 12 - (II) How much pressure is needed to compress the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 39PCh. 12 - (II) At depths of 2000 m in the sea, the pressure...Ch. 12 - (III) A pole projects horizontally from the front...Ch. 12 - (I) The femur bone in the human leg has a minimum...Ch. 12 - (II) (a) What is the maximum tension possible in a...Ch. 12 - (II) If a compressive force of 3.3 104 N is...Ch. 12 - (II) (a) What is the minimum cross-sectional area...Ch. 12 - (II) Assume the supports of the uniform cantilever...Ch. 12 - (II) An iron bolt is used to connect two iron...Ch. 12 - (II) A steel cable is to support an elevator whose...Ch. 12 - (II) A heavy load Mg = 66.0 kN hangs at point E of...Ch. 12 - (II) Figure 1271 shows a simple truss that carries...Ch. 12 - (II) (a) What minimum cross-sectional area must...Ch. 12 - (II) onsider again Example 1211 but this time...Ch. 12 - (III) The truss shown in Fig. 1272 supports a...Ch. 12 - (III) Suppose in Example 1211, a 23-ton truck (m =...Ch. 12 - (III) For the Pratt truss shown in Fig. 1273,...Ch. 12 - (II) How high must a pointed arch be if it is to...Ch. 12 - The mobile in Fig. 1274 is in equilibrium. Object...Ch. 12 - A tightly stretched high wire is 36 m long. It...Ch. 12 - What minimum horizontal force F is needed to pull...Ch. 12 - A 28-kg round table is supported by three legs...Ch. 12 - When a wood shelf of mass 6.6 kg is fastened...Ch. 12 - Prob. 62GPCh. 12 - The center of gravity of a loaded truck depends on...Ch. 12 - In Fig. 1279, consider the right-hand...Ch. 12 - Assume that a single-span suspension bridge such...Ch. 12 - When a mass of 25 kg is hung from the middle of a...Ch. 12 - The forces acting on a 77,000-kg aircraft flying...Ch. 12 - A uniform flexible steel cable of weight mg is...Ch. 12 - A 20.0-m-long uniform beam weighing 650 N rests on...Ch. 12 - A cube of side l rests on a rough floor. It is...Ch. 12 - A 65.0-kg painter is on a uniform 25-kg scaffold...Ch. 12 - A man doing push-ups pauses in the position shown...Ch. 12 - A 23-kg sphere rests between two smooth planes as...Ch. 12 - A 15.0-kg ball is supported from the ceiling by...Ch. 12 - Parachutists whose chutes have failed to open have...Ch. 12 - A steel wire 2.3 mm in diameter stretches by...Ch. 12 - A 2500-kg trailer is attached to a stationary...Ch. 12 - Prob. 78GPCh. 12 - A 25-kg object is being lifted by pulling on the...Ch. 12 - A uniform 6.0-m-long ladder of mass 16.0 kg leans...Ch. 12 - There is a maximum height of a uniform vertical...Ch. 12 - A 95,000-kg train locomotive starts across a...Ch. 12 - A 23.0-kg backpack is suspended midway between two...Ch. 12 - A uniform beam of mass M and length l is mounted...Ch. 12 - Two identical, uniform beams are symmetrically set...Ch. 12 - If 35 kg is the maximum mass m that a person can...Ch. 12 - (a) Estimate the magnitude of the force FM the...Ch. 12 - One rod of the square frame shown in Fig. 1295...Ch. 12 - A steel rod of radius R = 15 cm and length 0,...Ch. 12 - A home mechanic wants to raise the 280-kg engine...Ch. 12 - A 2.0-m-high box with a 1.0-m-squarc base is moved...Ch. 12 - You are on a pirate ship and being forced to walk...Ch. 12 - A uniform sphere of weight mg and radius r0 is...Ch. 12 - Use the method of joints to determine the force in...Ch. 12 - A uniform ladder of mass m and length leans at an...Ch. 12 - In a mountain-climbing technique called the...Ch. 12 - (III) A metal cylinder has an original diameter of...Ch. 12 - (III) Two springs, attached by a rope, are...
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- In Example 14.3, we found that one of the steel cables supporting an airplane at the Udvar-Hazy Center was under a tension of 9.30 103 N. Assume the cable has a diameter of 2.30 era and an initial length of 8.00 m before the plane is suspended on the cable. How much longer is the cable when the plane is suspended on it?arrow_forwardAlarge uniform cylindrical steel rod of density =7.8g/cm3 is 2.0 m long and has a diameter of 5.0 cm. the rod is fastened to a concrete floor with its long axis vertical.what is the normal stress in the rod at the cross-section located at (a)1.0 mfrom its lower end?(b)1.5 m from the lower end?arrow_forwardCan compress stress be applied to a rubber band?arrow_forward
- (II) An iron bolt is used to connect two iron plates together. The bolt must withstand shear forces up to about 3300 N. Calculate the minimum diameter for the bolt, based on a safety factor of 7.0.arrow_forward10) A femur bone of length 30 cm and diameter 2.5 cm is subjected to a compressive tress of 1.5 *10 8 N /m². Find the decrease in it's length if the young's modulus of bone is 1.5 * 10 10 N /m².arrow_forward(I) A marble column of cross-sectional area 1.4 m2supports a mass of 25,000 kg. (a) What is the stress within the column?(b) What is the strain?arrow_forward
- Determine the Young's modulus of a 1.50 x 10^-1 m long tendon if it is stretched by 3.70 x10^-3 m by a 13.4 N force. Suppose the tendon is mostly round with average radius of 4.25 x 10^-3arrow_forwardOne end of a steel rod of radius R = 9.5 mm and length L = 81 cm is held in a bench vise. A force of magnitude F = 62 kN is then applied perpendicularly to the end face(uniformly across the area) at the other end, pulling directly away from the bench vise.(Given: Young’s Modulus for stainless steel is 2.0 ×1011N/m2) Calculate the following;(i) Stress on the rod.(ii) Elongation, ΔL in the rod.(iii) Strain of the rod.arrow_forwardTo stretch a relaxed biceps muscle 2.5 cm requires a force of 25 N. Find the Young's modulus for the muscle tissue, assuming it to be a uniform cylinder of length 0.24 m and cross-sectional area 47 cm².arrow_forward
- "One end of a steel rod of radius R = 10mm and length L = 90 cm is held in a vise. A force of magnitude F = 50000 N is then applied perpendicularly to the end face (uniformly across the area) at the other end, pulling directly away from the vise. What will be the elongation of the rod (in the unit meters)? Young modulus is 109 N/m2y" 200 x 7.2 x 10-4 3.4 x 10-4 4.6 x 10-4 2.7 x 10-4arrow_forwardThe compressivestrength of our bones is important in everyday life. Young’s modulus forbone is about 1.4 * 10^10 Pa. Bone can take only about a 1.0% changein its length before fracturing. (a) What is the maximum force that canbe applied to a bone whose minimum cross-sectional area is 3.0 cm2?(This is approximately the cross-sectional area of a tibia, or shin bone,at its narrowest point.) (b) Estimate the maximum height from which a70 kg man could jump and not fracture his tibia. Take the time betweenwhen he first touches the floor and when he has stopped to be 0.030 s,and assume that the stress on his two legs is distributed equally.arrow_forwardAssume that Young's Modulus for bone is 1.50 ✕ 1010 N/m2 and that the bone will fracture if more than 1.50 ✕ 108 N/m2 is exerted. (a) What is the maximum force that can be exerted on the femur bone in the leg if it has a minimum effective diameter of 2.30 cm in kN? (b) If a force of this magnitude is applied compressively, by how much does the 24.0 cm long bone shorten in millimeters?arrow_forward
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