Cardiopulmonary Anatomy & Physiology
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781337794909
Author: Des Jardins, Terry.
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
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Chapter 12, Problem 3RQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Action potentials are the
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After the depolarisation phase of an action potential, the resting potential is restored by ______.
Question 15 options:
A)
the opening of voltage-gated potassium channels and the closing or inactivation of sodium channels.
B)
the opening of more voltage-gated sodium channels.
C)
a decrease in the membrane's permeability to potassium and chloride ions following closing of the chloride-potassium pump.
D)
a brief inhibition of the sodium-potassium pump.
Post synaptic neurons membrane potentials are less negative than resting membrane potentials when this occur
A. Creates a new set point for the resting membrane potential
B. Has a lower propensity to produce an action potential
C. Reacts by generating action potential
D. Higher chance of reaching the potential threshold
Which of the following is the rapid upstroke in the action potential?A. Phase 0B. Phase 1C. Phase 2D. Phase 3
Chapter 12 Solutions
Cardiopulmonary Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 12 - 1. Which of the following is the rapid upstroke in...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2RQCh. 12 - Prob. 3RQCh. 12 - Prob. 4RQCh. 12 - Which of the following slows the heart rate and AV...Ch. 12 - Prob. 6RQCh. 12 - Prob. 7RQCh. 12 - Which of the following means the ability to...Ch. 12 - An electrical difference across the fibers of the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 10RQ
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- Which of the following statements is TRUE of the action potential? A. At the peak of the action potential there are approximately an equal amount of open voltage gated sodium and potassium channels B. To reach threshold the action potential requires the activity of sodium potassium pump C. During the rising phase (prior to the peak) of the action potential more voltage gated sodium channels are open than voltage gated potassium channels D. None of the choice options are TRUE of the action potential E. The overshoot phase (below resting membrane potential) is a result of voltage gated sodium channels taking a long time to close.arrow_forwardNerve membrane hyperpolarization after an action potential a)Is the movement of membrane potential voltage below normal resting potential voltage. b) This Is mostly due to the slow-closing of K+ channels. c)Makes it more difficult to evoke another action potential. d) This Is mostly due to the slow-closing of Na+ channels.arrow_forwardDuring the rising portion of the action potential, which ions are moving across the membrane and in which direction? A. Sodium ions move out. B. Sodium ions move in. C. Both sodium and potassium ions move in. D. Potassium ions move in.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is TRUE regarding the absolute and relative refractory periods of the action potential (AP)? A. The absolute refractory period may be overcome if enough excitatory stimulation is applied to the neuronal membrane. B. The absolute refractory period is due the closing of the activation gate of voltage gated sodium channels at the peak of the AP. C. The relative refractory period is due to the closing of the activation gate of voltage gated potassium channels during the overshoot phase of the AP. D. The relative refractory period is due the closing of the inactivation gate of voltage gated sodium channels . E. All of the above statements are FALSE.arrow_forwardThe level of depolarization at which an action potential will be triggered is referred to as the Multiple Choice a) cationic potential. b) membrane potential. c) threshold potential. d) refractory potential. e) resting potential.arrow_forwardWhich one of these is an example of an excitatory postynaptic potential in a typical neuron? a) A voltage change from -70mV to -70.5mV b) A voltage change from +35mV to 0MV c) A voltage change from 0mV to +0.35mV d) A voltage change from -69.5mV to -70mVarrow_forward
- The extracellular sodium [Na+]0 is reduced in the saline bath. Following another current injection in a neuron, the membrane potential changes were recorded. a) Why has the membrane potential changed following the Na+ reduction? b) Why has the current injection produced no action potentials? c) How might you experimentally rescue action potential generation?arrow_forwardCan you explain to me why choice E is the correct answer and break down why the other options are false?Select the choice option that is TRUE regarding the absolute and relative refractory periods of the action potential (AP). A. The absolute refractory period occurs when the activation gate of voltage gated sodium channel closes at the peak of the AP B. The relative refractory period occurs when the inactivation gate of voltage gated sodium channels closes at the peak of the AP C. The relative refractory period occurs when the activation gate of voltage gated potassium channels opens at the peak of the AP D. The absolute refractory period may be overcome if enough excitatory stimulation is applied to the neuronal membrane E. All of the choice options are FALSE regarding the absolute and relative refractory periods of the AParrow_forwardA common feature of action potentials is that they(A) cause the membrane to hyperpolarize and then depolarize.(B) can undergo temporal and spatial summation.(C) are triggered by a depolarization that reaches threshold.(D) move at the same speed along all axons.arrow_forward
- What will happen if threshold value for the generation of action potential is not reached?arrow_forwardAfter the action potential reaches its peak, the potential across the membrane falls toward its resting level. What accounts for this recovery? a. The sodium–potassium pump removes the extra sodium. b. Potassium ions move out because their channels are open and the electrical gradient pushes them out. c. Potassium ions move out because their channels are open and the concentration gradient pushes them out. d. Potassium ions move in.arrow_forwarda.Would an action potential travels faster in an axon with a wide diameter or a small diameter? b. Would an action potential travel faster in an axon that is myelinated or unmyelinated?arrow_forward
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