ESSENTIAL COSMIC PERS.-W/MASTER.ACCESS
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780135795750
Author: Bennett
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 49EAP
To determine
The way GAIA is able to measure small parallax angles and the way it affects knowledge of the universe.
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Q15. The space observatory Gaia was launched in 2013 as the successor to
Hipparcos and is returning data on its ambitious mission to catalog the 3-
dimensional position of more than 1 billion stars in the Milky Way. The
smallest parallax angle it can measure, for stars of at least magnitude 12, is
0.000008", What is the most distant star to which Gaia can measure parallax?
Q16. The center of our Galaxy is about 8,500 parsecs from Earth.
a. What would be the parallax angle of a star near the center of the
Galaxy?
b. Could this angle be measured by Hipparcos?
c. Could this angle be measured by Gaia?
On Earth, the parallax angle measured for the star Procyon is 0.29 arcseconds. If you were to measure Procyon's parallax angle from Venus, what would the parallax angle be? (Note: Earth's orbital radius is larger than Venus's orbital
radius.)
A. more than 0.29 arcseconds
O B. 0.29 arcseconds
O C. less than 0.29 arcseconds
D. zero arcseconds (no parallax)
Problem 2. Parallax and Distance (Palen, et. al., 2nd Edition, Chapter 10, problem 43)
Sirius, the brightest star in the sky has a parallax of 0.379 arcsec
What is its distance in parsecs?
in light-years?
Chapter 12 Solutions
ESSENTIAL COSMIC PERS.-W/MASTER.ACCESS
Ch. 12 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 12 - Prob. 2VSCCh. 12 - Prob. 3VSCCh. 12 - Prob. 4VSCCh. 12 - Prob. 5VSCCh. 12 - Prob. 6VSCCh. 12 - Prob. 1EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 2EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 3EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 4EAP
Ch. 12 - Prob. 5EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 6EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 7EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 8EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 9EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 10EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 11EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 12EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 13EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 14EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 15EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 16EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 17EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 18EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 19EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 20EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 21EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 22EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 23EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 24EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 25EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 26EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 27EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 28EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 29EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 30EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 31EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 32EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 33EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 34EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 37EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 38EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 39EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 41EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 42EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 43EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 44EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 45EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 46EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 47EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 48EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 49EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 50EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 51EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 52EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 53EAPCh. 12 - Prob. 54EAP
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- 16. Today, astronomers can detect and measure stellar parallax for thousands of the nearest stars, providing us with direct evidence that Earth really does orbit the Sun. Moreover, these measurements allow us to calculate distances to these relatively nearby stars. If we hope to use parallax to measure distances to even more-distant stars, which of the following telescopes would be most useful?arrow_forward1. A distant galaxy has an apparent magnitude of 10 and is 4,000 kpc away. What is its absolute magnitude? (Round your answer to at least one decimal place.) The difference in absolute magnitude between two objects viewed from the same distance is related to their fluxes by the flux-magnitude relation. FA/FB= 2.51(MB − MA) 2. How does the absolute magnitude of this galaxy compare to the Milky Way (M = −21)?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about stellar parallax is true? A. We observe all stars to exhibit at least a slight amount of parallax. B. Stellar parallax was first observed by ancient Greek astronomers. O C. The amount of parallax we see depends on how fast a star is moving relative to us. D. It takes at least 10 years of observation to measure a star's parallax. OE. The closer a star is to us, the more parallax it exhibits.arrow_forward
- Q8. Measured the parallax angle of the Sirius Yamaniya star, see Figure, and found 0.377 arcsec. Calculate the star's distance in the Astronomical parsec and in light year. Orion Sinus Canis Majorarrow_forwardStar A and Star B are a bound binary at a distance of 20 pc from the Earth. Their separation is 30 AU. Star A has a mass twice that of Star B. The orbital period of the binary is 100 years. Assume the stars orbit in circular orbits. a. What is the parallax of Star A, in units of arcsec? Assume parallax is measured from the Earth. For part a, ignore the presence of the binary companion. b. What is the angular separation we would observe between Star A and Star B, in units of arcsec? If we compare multiple images of this star system taken across different months and years, which source of motion will be the dominant effect? What is the total mass of the binary system (combined mass of Star A and Star B)? Provide your answer in both kg and solar masses. c. d. What is the distance from Star A to the center of mass of the binary system?arrow_forward1.)How long do you have to wait for a star to undergo its maximum parallactic displacement? 2.) How can the observation of stellar parallaxes in general be used as evidence against a geocentric view of the cosmos?arrow_forward
- Problem 5. Imagine that you observe a star field twice, with a six-month gap between your observations, and that you see the two sets of stars shown below. Which do you think is closest to the observer? Figure 1: Schematic of image of stars A,B, and P taken six months apart. Problem 6. Suppose the angular separation between stars A and B is 0.5 arcseconds. How far would you estimate star P to lie from the observer?arrow_forwardStellar parallax is used as a tool to determine distances to stars. Describe how stellar parallax works. Also discuss the limiting factors in its use and the maximum distance that can be accurately measured using this technique. Do you believe this concept is unique to astronomy or used in other technical disciplines? Provide examples.arrow_forward. The Sun as seen from Earth has an apparent magnitude of -26 in the B-band.1. What is the Sun’s absolute magnitude (in the B-band)?2. What would its apparent magnitude be as seen from Jupiter? (Jupiter is approximately 5.2 AU from theSun.)3. At a certain distance d from a Star A, its apparent brightness is f. If we were to travel at a relativisticvelocity to a point in space which is 5 times further away, how much fainter would the star appear to us?(i.e. what fraction of its original apparent brightness would it now appear to us?)arrow_forward
- 3. The closest star to the Earth (other than the sun) is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.3 light years away from us. a. Consider the equation for parallax angle written in terms of au and pc (write it down). What is the parallax angle a in arcsec to Alpha Centauri as seen from Earth? Show your work and use complete sentences.arrow_forward1.) How far, in parsecs, is an object that has a parallax of 1 arc second? How far is it, in light years? 2.) How far in parsecs, is an object that has a parallax of 0.1 arc-seconds? How far is it, in light years?arrow_forwardWhich of the following can explain how we can calculate distances to stars despite being able to travel to them? a. Examining stellar spectra b. Period-Luminosity Relations c. Interstellar probes d. Radar e. Triangulation (aka parallax)arrow_forward
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