Concept explainers
Introduction: A substantive procedure is a process or step performed by an auditor to collect sufficient and appropriate evidence regarding the completeness, accuracy, occurrence of a transaction or event.
Analytical procedure:It is one of the methods in the
Whether the
Calculation of depreciation after evaluating the assets is as below:
Salvage value=10% of original cost
Thus, the depreciation expense should be $65,835 instead of $60,500. So, depreciation recorded is lower than the actual amount and it should be rectified.
As this was part of the analytical process and there is a difference in the depreciation expense so, the auditor should plan the substantive procedure accordingly and should mainly focus on detailed verification of depreciation expense and asset value.The auditor should thoroughlycheck the accounts so that other discrepancies could be rectified attime.
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Chapter 12 Solutions
Auditing: A Risk Based-Approach to Conducting a Quality Audit
- To test your formulas, assume the machine purchased had an estimated useful life of three years (20,000, 30,000, and 50,000 hours, respectively). Enter the new information in the Data Section of the worksheet. Does your depreciation total 320,000 under all three methods? There are three common errors made by students completing this worksheet. Lets clear up two of them. One, an asset that has a three-year life should have no depreciation claimed in Year 4. This can be corrected using an =IF statement in Year 4. For example, the correct formula in cell C32 is =IF(B32D9,0,(D7D8)/D9) or =IF(B32D9, 0, SLN(D7, D8, D9)). You may wish to edit what you have already entered rather than retype it. Two, as mentioned in requirement 2, the double-declining-balance calculation needs to be modified in the last year of the assets life. Assuming you have already modified the formula for Year 4 (per instructions in step 2), alter the formula for Year 3 also. If you corrected any formulas, test their correctness by trying different estimated useful lives (between 3 and 8) in cell E9. Then reset the Data Section to the original values, save the revised file as DEPREC2, and reprint the worksheet to show the correct formulas. The third common error doesnt need to be corrected in this problem. The general form of the double-declining-balance formula needs to be modified to check the net book value of the asset each year to make sure it does not go below salvage value. =DDB does this automatically, but if you are writing your own formulas, this gets very complicated and is beyond the scope of the problem.arrow_forwardThe first audit of the books of Headland Company was made for the year ended December 31, 2021. In examining the books, the auditor found that certain items had been overlooked or incorrectly handled in the last 3 years. These items are: 1. At the beginning of 2019, the company purchased a machine for $555,000 (salvage value of $55,500) that had a useful life of 6 years. The bookkeeper used straight-line depreciation but failed to deduct the salvage value in computing the depreciation base for the 3 years. 2. At the end of 2020, the company failed to accrue sales salaries of $49,000. 3. A tax lawsuit that involved the year 2019 was settled late in 2021. It was determined that the company owed an additional $87,000 in taxes related to 2019. The company did not record a liability in 2019 or 2020 because the possibility of loss was considered remote, and charged the $87,000 to a loss account in 2021. 4. Headland Company purchased a copyright from another company early in…arrow_forwardThe first audit of the books of Bruce Gingrich Company was made for the year ended December 31, 2021. In examining the books, the auditor found that certain items had been overlooked or incorrectly handled in the last 3 years. These items are: 1. At the beginning of 2019, the company purchased a machine for $510,000 (salvage value of $51,000) that had a useful life of 6 years. The bookkeeper used straight-line depreciation but failed to deduct the salvage value in computing the depreciation base for the 3 years. 2. At the end of 2020, the company failed to accrue sales salaries of $45,000. 3. A tax lawsuit that involved the year 2019 was settled late in 2021. It was determined that the company owed an additional $85,000 in taxes related to 2019. The company did not record a liability in 2019 or 2020 because the possibility of loss was considered remote, and charged the $85,000 to a loss account in 2021. 4. Gingrich Company purchased a copyright from another company early in 2019 for…arrow_forward
- You were assigned to audit the Property, plant and equipment account of your continuing audit client Lolita Corp. for the period ended December 31, 2021. The PPE file in the permanent working paper and in the prior year working paper included the following schedule: All assets were acquired at the inception of operations at the beginning of 2019 and are being depreciated through the following policies: Office Building – Double-declining balance over 20 years (10% salvage value based on cost) Factory Building – SYD over 15 years (10% salvage value based on cost) Office Equipment – Straight-line method over 8 years (no salvage value) Factory Machineries – SYD over 10 years (10% salvage value based on cost) Transactions for 2021 were as follows: An new elevator system costing P800,000 was installed on the company’s Office Building and was completed in early January. On March 31, the company traded a new factory machinery with a cash…arrow_forwardYou were assigned to audit the Property, plant and equipment account of your continuing audit client Lolita Corp. for the period ended December 31, 2021. The PPE file in the permanent working paper and in the prior year working paper included the following schedule: All assets were acquired at the inception of operations at the beginning of 2019 and are being depreciated through the following policies: Office Building – Double-declining balance over 20 years (10% salvage value based on cost) Factory Building – SYD over 15 years (10% salvage value based on cost) Office Equipment – Straight-line method over 8 years (no salvage value) Factory Machineries – SYD over 10 years (10% salvage value based on cost) Transactions for 2021 were as follows: An new elevator system costing P800,000 was installed on the company’s Office Building and was completed in early January. On March 31, the company traded a new factory machinery with a cash…arrow_forwardThe first audit of the books of Concord Company was made for the year ended December 31, 2021. In examining the books, the auditor found that certain items had been overlooked or incorrectly handled in the last 3 years. These items are: 1. At the beginning of 2019, the company purchased a machine for $513,000 (salvage value of $51,300) that had a useful life of 6 years. The bookkeeper used straight-line depreciation but failed to deduct the salvage value in computing the depreciation base for the 3 years. 2. At the end of 2020, the company failed to accrue sales salaries of $47,000. 3. A tax lawsuit that involved the year 2019 was settled late in 2021. It was determined that the company owed an additional $82,000 in taxes related to 2019. The company did not record a liability in 2019 or 2020 because the possibility of loss was considered remote, and charged the $82,000 to a loss account in 2021. 4. Concord Company purchased a copyright from another company early in…arrow_forward
- The first audit of the books of Marin Company was made for the year ended December 31, 2021. In examining the books, the auditor found that certain items had been overlooked or incorrectly handled in the last 3 years. These items are: 1. At the beginning of 2019, the company purchased a machine for $468,000 (salvage value of $46,800) that had a useful life of 6 years. The bookkeeper used straight-line depreciation but failed to deduct the salvage value in computing the depreciation base for the 3 years. 2. At the end of 2020, the company failed to accrue sales salaries of $50,000. 3. A tax lawsuit that involved the year 2019 was settled late in 2021. It was determined that the company owed an additional $80,000 in taxes related to 2019. The company did not record a liability in 2019 or 2020 because the possibility of loss was considered remote, and charged the $80,000 to a loss account in 2021. 4. Marin Company purchased a copyright from another company early in 2019…arrow_forwardThe first audit of the books of Sweet Company was made for the year ended December 31, 2021. In examining the books, the auditor found that certain items had been overlooked or incorrectly handled in the last 3 years. These items are: 1. At the beginning of 2019, the company purchased a machine for $534,000 (salvage value of $53,400) that had a useful life of 6 years. The bookkeeper used straight-line depreciation but failed to deduct the salvage value in computing the depreciation base for the 3 years. 2. At the end of 2020, the company failed to accrue sales salaries of $42,000. 3. A tax lawsuit that involved the year 2019 was settled late in 2021. It was determined that the company owed an additional $90,000 in taxes related to 2019. The company did not record a liability in 2019 or 2020 because the possibility of loss was considered remote, and charged the $90,000 to a loss account in 2021. 4. Sweet Company purchased a copyright from another company early in 2019…arrow_forwardThe first audit of the books of Windsor Company was made for the year ended December 31, 2021. In examining the books, the auditor found that certain items had been overlooked or incorrectly handled in the last 3 years. These items are: 1. At the beginning of 2019, the company purchased a machine for $528,000 (salvage value of $52,800) that had a useful life of 6 years. The bookkeeper used straight-line depreciation but failed to deduct the salvage value in computing the depreciation base for the 3 years. 2. At the end of 2020, the company failed to accrue sales salaries of $49,000. 3. A tax lawsuit that involved the year 2019 was settled late in 2021. It was determined that the company owed an additional $81,000 in taxes related to 2019. The company did not record a liability in 2019 or 2020 because the possibility of loss was considered remote, and charged the $81,000 to a loss account in 2021. 4. Windsor Company purchased a copyright from another company early in…arrow_forward
- The first audit of the books of Ayayai Company was made for the year ended December 31, 2021. In examining the books, the auditor found that certain items had been overlooked or incorrectly handled in the last 3 years. These items are: 1. At the beginning of 2019, the company purchased a machine for $468k (salvage value of $46,800) that had a useful life of 6 years. The bookkeeper used straight-line depreciation but failed to deduct the salvage value in computing the depreciation base for the 3 years. 2. At the end of 2020, the company failed to accrue sales salaries of $50k. 3. A tax lawsuit that involved the year 2019 was settled late in 2021. It was determined that the company owed an additional $80k in taxes related to 2019. The company did not record a liability in 2019 or 2020 because the possibility of loss was considered remote, and charged the $80k to a loss account in 2021. 4. Ayayai Company purchased the copyright from another company early in 2019 for $51k. Ayayai had not…arrow_forwardNon-current assets are being audited and the following factors have been discovered: Motor vehicles are depreciated at 25% pa straight line (full year charge in the year of acquisation, no charge in the year of disposal). The cost of the vehicles at the end of the period is $200.000 and the depreciation charge for the year is $50.000. Because mosts care are kept for at least 5 years the company is thinking of changing its depreciation rate for cars to %20 pa. So that the charge would become $40.000. 17. Which of the following is correct? a) Impairement of a non-current asset could be identified by recalculation b) Impairement of a non-current asset could be identified by inspection c) Impairement of a non-current asset could be identified by analytical procedures d) Impairement of a non-current asset could be identified by reperformancearrow_forwardYou are auditing the financial records of a company and are reviewing the depreciation computations. Included in the assets are two buildings and numerous machines in each building. One of the buildings is used to manufacture components of toys and the other for assembly and packing, using the manufactured components as well as others purchased from suppliers. You see that the company uses straight-line depreciation over 40 years for the buildings and 20 years for the machinery. You decide to ask the CFO about these calculations, and he replies, “We use 40 years for the buildings because it is close to the 39 we use for tax. And our best guess is that we will replace the machines twice while we use the building. And the method is easy to use and most companies use it, don’t they? Or have things changed that much since I was in college?” You feel as if you have annoyed the CFO with your questions, so you decide to leave. As you walk back to your office, you recall from earlier in the…arrow_forward
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