Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188138
Author: Peter H Raven, George B Johnson Professor, Kenneth A. Mason Dr. Ph.D., Jonathan Losos Dr., Susan Singer
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 12, Problem 5A
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Polygenic is the inheritance pattern of a trait that is controlled by the two or more genes. Each gene may have two or more alleles. The resulting
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Red flowers are dominat to white flowers, and tall stems are dominant to short stems. A plant that is homozygous for red flowers and heterozygous for height is crossed with a plant that is heterozygous for both traits.
a) show the alleles for both traits, using proper notation
b) Possible genotypes for red flowers, and for white flowers
c) Possible genotypes for tall plants, and for short plants
d) give the full genotypes for each plant
e) give the possible gametes for each plant
f) give the phenotype ration of the offspring
When you cross true-breeding tall and short tobacco plants you get an F1 that is intermediate in height. When this F1 is self-crossed, it yields an F2 with a continuous distribution of heights. What is the best explanation for these data?
a. Height is determined by a single gene with incomplete dominance.
b. Height is determined by a single gene with many alleles.
c. Height is determined by the additive effects of many genes.
d. Height is determined by epistatic genes.
A true breeding plant that produces elongated fruits is crossed to a true breeding plant that produces round fruits. The offspring of this cross all have oval-shaped fruit. Which of the following is true?
A. This involves two genes, one that controls the length of the fruit and one that controls the width.
B. This long allele is epistatic over the short allele.
C. The long allele is dominant over the short allele.
D. The long allele is incompletely dominant over the short allele.
Chapter 12 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 12 - What property distinguished Mendels investigation...Ch. 12 - The F1 generation of the monohybrid cross purple...Ch. 12 - The F1 plants from the previous question are...Ch. 12 - In a cross of Aa Bb cc X Aa Bb Cc, what is the...Ch. 12 - An organisms __________ is/are determined by its...Ch. 12 - Phenotypes like height in humans, which show a...Ch. 12 - Japanese four oclocks that are red and tall are...Ch. 12 - If the two genes in the previous question showed...Ch. 12 - What is the probability of obtaining an individual...Ch. 12 - Prob. 4A
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- Sunflowers with flowers 10 cm in diameter are crossed with a plant that has 16 cm flowers. The F1 plants have flowers 13 cm in diameter. In the F2 generation, 4 flowers are 10 cm in diameter and 4 are 16 cm in diameter. Between these are 5 phenotypic classes with diameters intermediate to those at the extremes.a) Assuming that the alleles that contribute to flower diameter act additively, how many genes control flower size? b) How much does each additive allele contribute to flower diameter? c) What size flower makes up the largest phenotypic class?arrow_forwardSunflowers with flowers 10 cm in diameter are crossed with a plant that has 16 cm flowers. The F1 plants have flowers 13 cm in diameter. In the F2 generation, 4 flowers are 10 cm in diameter and 4 are 16 cm in diameter. Between these are 5 phenotypic classes with diameters intermediate to those at the extremes.a) Assuming that the alleles that contribute to flower diameter act additively, how many genes control flower size? b) How much does each additive allele contribute to flower diameter?(show work) c) What size flower makes up the largest phenotypic class?(show work)arrow_forwardWhich is NOT an example of Incomplte Dominance? EXPLAIN WHY? A. a pink flower produced from red and white flowers B. A flower that is both ref and white produced from red and white flowers C. Curly-haired and straight-haired individuals producing way-haired offspring D. A high spotted dog and a non-spotted dog producing puppies with a few spots..arrow_forward
- Two true-breeding varieties of maize, one 11 cm high and the other 47 cm high were crossed and the resultant F1 hybrids were then crossed to generate the F2 . In the F2 there were a total of 13,923 plants with a continuous variation in heights between the two extremes and with only 3 plants as large as 47 cm high and 5 plants of 11 cm high. b) What is the contribution of each dominant allele to the phenotype in cm? d) The F1 from (b) is then crossed to give an F2. What proportion would you expect in the F2 of each extreme phenotype?arrow_forwardImagine that Mendel is tending a garden of 100 pea plants. He has 20 plants that are homozygous for the purple allele, 50 plants that are heterozygous, and 30 plants that are homozygous for the white allele. A) What is the frequency of the purple (P) allele? B) What is the frequency of the white (p) allele?arrow_forwardWhen a Chinese hamster with white spots is crossed with another hamster that has no spots, approximately 12 of the offspring have white spots and 12 have no spots. When two hamsters with white spots are crossed, 23 of the offspring possess white spots and 13 have no spots. a. What is the genetic basis of white spotting in Chinese hamsters? b. How might you go about producing Chinese hamsters that breed true for white spotting?arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements incorrectly illustrates incomplete dominance? Select one: a. Dark brown fur crossed with white fur produces yellow fur. b. Tall plants crossed with short plants produce medium height plants. c. A black horse crossed with a white horse produces a mixture of white and black hair in a horse. d. Red flowers crossed with white flowers produce pink flowersarrow_forwarda) An F1 x F1 self-fertilization gives a 9:7 phenotypic ratio in the F2. What phenotypic ratio would you expect if you test-crossed the F1? b) An F1 x F1 self-fertilization gives a 9:3:4 phenotypic ratio in the F2. What phenotypic ratio would you expect if you test-crossed the F1? c) An F1 x F1 self-fertilization gives a 15:1 phenotypic ratio in the F2. What phenotypic ratio would you expect if you test-crossed the F1?arrow_forwardAssume that the length of a type of cucumber at maturity is controlled by two genes (A and B), each of which has two alleles. The A and B alleles each add 3 inches of cucumber growth, while the a and b alleles add only 1 inches. If a plant with genotype Aabb is crossed to a plant with genotype AaBb, what ratios of lengths are expected in the progeny? 1/8-12”, 3/8-10”, 3/8-8”, 1/8-6” 1/2-8”, 3/8-6”, 1/8 4” 1/8-10”, 3/8-8”, 3/8-6”, 1/8-4” 1/2-12”, 3/8-10”, 1/8 8” 1/2-10”, 3/8-8”, 1/8 6”arrow_forward
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