Human Anatomy & Physiology (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134553511
Author: Erin C. Amerman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 12, Problem 5AYKB
Summary Introduction
To review:
The effects of endorphins on the perception of pain, the ability to resist muscle fatigue in an athlete, andwhether endorphins are able to stop the release of the source of the athlete’s pain.
Introduction:
An endorphin is a class of opioids that function as a neuropeptide. They have the property to relieve pain, and thus, are known as analgesics. They serve to depress or suppress the activities of the nervous system. They are also involved in aggressive, submissive, and sexual behavior. Endorphins are released during “runner’s high.”
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The motor system is organized differently in the spiral cord compared to the cortex. Choose the statement below that best describes the difference.
a. Alpha motor neurons in the ventral horn are mapped according to muscle location, while cortical motor neurons are organized into purposeful movement groups.
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c. Alpha motor neurons in the ventral horn have a different segment-to-segment organization, while cortical motor neurons are mapped similarly to the somatosensory system.
d. Alpha motor neurons in the ventral horn do not have a clear organization, while cortical motor neurons are mapped according to muscle location.
e. Alpha motor neurons in the ventral horn are organized into complex movement groups, while cortical motor neurons have no clear organization.
Coordination and timing of movements and balance are functions of which of the following brain structures?
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Chapter 12 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology (2nd Edition)
Ch. 12.1 - What types of functions are performed by the CNS?Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 2QCCh. 12.1 - Prob. 3QCCh. 12.1 - 4. What is the neural tube?
Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 5QCCh. 12.2 - Prob. 1QCCh. 12.2 - Prob. 2QCCh. 12.2 - Which component of the diencephalon performs each...Ch. 12.2 - Describe the basic anatomical arrangement of the...Ch. 12.2 - What is the primary function of the cerebellum?
Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 6QCCh. 12.2 - Prob. 7QCCh. 12.2 - What are the general functions of the reticular...Ch. 12.3 - Which two body systems coordinate the maintenance...Ch. 12.3 - Which branch of the PNS controls most of the bodys...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 3QCCh. 12.3 - Prob. 4QCCh. 12.3 - Prob. 5QCCh. 12.3 - What type of rhythm does human sleep follow?...Ch. 12.3 - 7. What is an electroencephalogram? What is the...Ch. 12.4 - 1. What is cognition? Which part of the brain is...Ch. 12.4 - What is cerebral lateralization? Which functions...Ch. 12.4 - 3. Define language in the context of neurology....Ch. 12.4 - Explain the differences between declarative memory...Ch. 12.4 - 5. How do immediate, short-term, and long-term...Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 6QCCh. 12.5 - 1. What are the three meninges, from superficial...Ch. 12.5 - 2. What are the three spaces (potential and...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 3QCCh. 12.5 - Prob. 4QCCh. 12.5 - 5. What two factors create the blood brain...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 6QCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 1QCCh. 12.6 - List and describe the three spinal meninges.Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 3QCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 4QCCh. 12.6 - What is the cauda equina?Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 6QCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 7QCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 8QCCh. 12.7 - 1. Where are the posterior columns and their two...Ch. 12.7 - Prob. 2QCCh. 12.7 - How are touch and pain processed by the cerebral...Ch. 12.7 - 4. How is the processing of olfactory stimuli...Ch. 12.8 - What is the main difference between the...Ch. 12.8 - Where do the fibers of the corticospinal tracts...Ch. 12.8 - Where do upper motor neurons reside, and what are...Ch. 12.8 - What are the two parts of the basal nuclei...Ch. 12.8 - What is the overall function of the cerebellum?Ch. 12.8 - Trace the overall voluntary movement pathway from...Ch. 12 - The central nervous system is responsible for: a....Ch. 12 - Mark the following statements about the brain as...Ch. 12 - 3. Which of the following is not one of the basal...Ch. 12 - 4. Which statement about cerebral white matter is...Ch. 12 - Mark the following statements about the cerebral...Ch. 12 - The central sulcus separates the: a. parietal and...Ch. 12 - 7. Match the term on the left with its correct...Ch. 12 - Which statement about the cranial meninges is...Ch. 12 - Prob. 9CYRCh. 12 - Prob. 10CYRCh. 12 - Mark the following statements about the spinal...Ch. 12 - Fill in the blanks: The tracts of the posterior...Ch. 12 - Which parts of the body have the greatest amount...Ch. 12 - Which of the following statements is false? a. The...Ch. 12 - Fill in the blanks: The cell bodies of upper motor...Ch. 12 - Label the following components of the...Ch. 12 - Mark the following statements on the role of the...Ch. 12 - Which of the following somatic sensations is not...Ch. 12 - 19. Fill in the blanks: The two components of the...Ch. 12 - 20. Which of the following statements is false?
a....Ch. 12 - 21. Match the term on the left with its correct...Ch. 12 - 22. The part of the brain responsible for the...Ch. 12 - Fill in the blanks: Declarative memories are...Ch. 12 - Prob. 24CYRCh. 12 - Huntingtons disease is characterized by a loss of...Ch. 12 - How could you tell the difference between an...Ch. 12 - Why do injuries to the hippocampus interfere with...Ch. 12 - Ms. Norris is brought to the emergency department...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2AYKACh. 12 - Prob. 3AYKACh. 12 - A new diet wonder drug is designed to block the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 5AYKB
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- Which of these tracts carries motor signals destined for the postural muscles? a. the gracile fasciculus b. the cuneate fasciculus c. the spinothalamic tract d. the vestibulospinal tract e. the tectospinal tractarrow_forwardWhere are tertiary neurons found? a. extending between the posterior horn and anterior horn b. extending between the posterior horn and the brainstem c. extending between the thalamus and the primary somatosensory cortex d. extending between the primary motor cortex and brainstemarrow_forwardInhibitory interneurons associated with the reflex arc are turned on by glutamate. Group of answer choices True False The tendon tap reflex can be elicited by a stretch in a muscle. What is the order of information flow from the primary sensory afferent to the lower motor neuron? Group of answer choices dorsal horn, dorsal root, ventral horn dorsal root, dorsal horn, ventral horn ventral root, ventral horn, dorsal horn, dorsal root In regards to the spinothalamic tract, where does the second order neuron cross midline? Group of answer choices at the spinal cord segment at the brainstem at the thalamus it never crosses midlinearrow_forward
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