Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305112100
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 12, Problem 8SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Kidney is an important organ of the excretory system and nephron is the basic structural unit of the kidney. The three hormones that are responsible to regulate the salt and water balance function of the kidney cells are antidiuretic hormone (ADH), aldosterone, and atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH).
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Both ADH and aldosterone act to a.increase urine volume. b.increase blood volume. c.increase total peripheral resistance. d.produce all of these effects.
What causes the large osmotic force due to proteins in the peritubular capillary?
A. The secretion of proteins into the interstitial space by the tubule cells.
B. The prevention of proteins being filtered at the glomerulus.
C. The high capsular pressure in the glomerulus.
D. A and B
Reduced osmolality in the blood leads to ...
a) Increase the water permeability in the collection pipe
b) Reduced urinary osmolality
c) Reduced urine volume
d) Increased ADH secretion
Chapter 12 Solutions
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 12 - Label the parts of this kidney and nephron.Ch. 12 - How does the formation of urine help maintain the...Ch. 12 - Explain what is meant when we talk about...Ch. 12 - Prob. 4RQCh. 12 - Explain how the kidneys help to maintain the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 1SQCh. 12 - The body loses water by way of the ________. a....Ch. 12 - Water and small solutes enter nephrons during...Ch. 12 - Prob. 4SQCh. 12 - Prob. 5SQ
Ch. 12 - Reabsorption depends on _________. a. osmosis...Ch. 12 - Prob. 7SQCh. 12 - Prob. 8SQCh. 12 - Prob. 9SQCh. 12 - Match the following saltwater balance concepts:Ch. 12 - A urinalysis reveals that the patients urine...Ch. 12 - As a person ages, nephron tubules lose some of...Ch. 12 - Fatty tissue holds the kidneys in place. Extremely...Ch. 12 - Licorice is used as a remedy in Chinese...Ch. 12 - Drinking too much water can be a bad thing. If...Ch. 12 - As the text noted, two-thirds of the water and...
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- Blood pressure forces water and small solutes out of blood and into nephrons during ________. a. glomerular filtration c. tubular secretion b. tubular reabsorption d. both a and carrow_forwardThe afferent arteriole delivers blood to the (a) renal artery (b) efferent arteriole (c) renal vein (d) capillaries of the glomerulus (e) peritubular capillariesarrow_forwardWhich of the following does not contribute to the process of filtration? (a) active transport by epithelial cells lining renal tubules (b) large surface area for filtration (c) low permeability of glomerular capillaries (d) high hydrostatic blood pressure in glomerular capillaries (e) podocytesarrow_forward
- When arterial blood pressure drops below normal, which renal function occur as a result of sympathetic nervous system activation? a. Afferent arteriole vasodilation b. Decreased ADH secretion c. Decreased renin secretion d. Afferent arteriole vasoconstrictionarrow_forwardWhich of the following is, are function of the kidneys? a. Control plasma volume b. Control blood pressure c. Control red blood cell production d. All of thesearrow_forwardIncreased concentrations of aldosterone lead to ... a) Increased reabsorption of Na + b) Decreased blood volume c) Increased permeability to water in distal tubules d) Decreased reabsorption of Cl-arrow_forward
- The kidneys in human beings are parts of the system for: (a) nutrition(b) respiration(c) excretion(d) transpirationarrow_forwardThe glomerulus differs from other capillaries in the body in that it ________. a) is impermeable to most substances b) is the site for reabsorption of 99% of the filtrate c) has a blood pressure much higher than other capillaries d) has a basement membranearrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a function of the kidneys? a elimination of urine b filtration of waste c reabsorption of water d urine productionarrow_forward
- If the tubular maximum is exceeded, then a. the carrier mechanism will work harder. b. the excess will be reabsorbed in the bladder. c. the excess will appear in the urine. d. its blood concentration will increase.arrow_forwardThe outer one-third of the kidney is called the A. Medulla B. Minor calyces C. Renal pyramid D. Cortexarrow_forwardIf blood pressure in the glomerulus increases, then a. net filtration pressure decreases. b. the percentage of substances reabsorbed increases. c. urine production increases. d. renin is released.arrow_forward
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