Biological Science (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780321976499
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Emily Taylor, Greg Podgorski, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 9TYPSS
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Interphase and metaphase are the two phases of the cell cycle. In interphase, the cell prepares itself for its division, while during metaphase the cell matures its genetic material for replication.
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You add a chemical to five samples of cells and have another five samples of cells to which you do not add the chemical. You wait 10 minutes and then stain all ten samples of cells and observe if they have entered mitosis or not?
What is the dependent variable?
Group of answer choices
A) If the cells entered mitosis or not
B) The number of samples of the cells
C) The length of time before stainingg
D) If the cells are treated with the chemical or not
Biopsies from aggressive cancers often have cells that contain several nuclei per cell when viewed through a microscope. Which scenario could explain how such a multinucleated cell might have come to be? (a) The cell underwent repeated mitosis with simultaneous cytokinesis. (b) The cell had multiple S phases before it entered mitosis. (c) The cell underwent repeated mitosis, but cytokinesis did not occur. (d) The cell underwent repeated cytokinesis but no mitosis. (e) The cell actually went through meiosis and not mitosis.
Part A and B
A. What is the normal function of the Rb protein?
A) Rb prevents the cell cycle from proceeding unless the cell is prepared to do so
B) Rb causes cells to undergo apoptosis
C) Rb promotes Cdk activation
D) Each of the other selections is true
E) Rb repairs damaged DNA
B. How do tumors arise?
A) When cell proliferation occurs at a higher rate than cell death
B) When someone is infected with a tumor from another person
C) When cell death occurs at a very high rate
D) When cell proliferation occurs at a very low rate
Chapter 12 Solutions
Biological Science (6th Edition)
Ch. 12 - 1. Which statement about the daughter cells...Ch. 12 - After S phase, what comprises a single chromosome?...Ch. 12 - Progression through the cell cycle is regulated by...Ch. 12 - 4. What major events occur during anaphase of...Ch. 12 - 5. Identify at least two events in the cell cycle...Ch. 12 - 6. What evidence suggests that during anaphase,...Ch. 12 - 7. Evaluate each of the following defects. Which...Ch. 12 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 12 - Prob. 9TYPSSCh. 12 - Prob. 10TYPSS
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- Looking at the the time intervals in the figure given, compare the time spent in mitosis with the time spent in gap1 in human liver cells. A. less time is spent in G1 than in M B. a little more time is spent in G1 than in M C. The cell spends 10 hours less in G1 than it does in M D. The cell spends 10 hours more in G1 than it does in Marrow_forwardWhat is a main difference between onion root tip (plant cell) mitosis and whitefish blastula (animal cell) mitosis? A. The DNA is animal cells is inside of a nucleus but there is no nucleus in plant cells. B. A cleavage furrow is not formed in plant cells due to the rigid cell wall. C. Plant cells do not have DNA and animal cells do. D. Plant cells have undergo prophase where they condense their chromosomes but animal cells skip this step.arrow_forwardYou add a chemical to five samples of cells and have another five samples of cells to which you do not add the chemical. You wait 10 minutes and then stain all ten samples of cells and observe if they have entered mitosis or not? What is the independent variable? Group of answer choices A) If the cells entered mitosis or not B) The staining of the cells C) The 10 minute wait after staining D)If the chemical was added or notarrow_forward
- In the mitosis experiment, in what stage were most of the onion root tip cells in? Based on what you know about cell cycle division, what does this imply about the life span of a cell? Were there any stages of the cell cycle that you did not observe? How can you explain this using evidence from the cell cycle?arrow_forwardBiologists have long been interested in the effects of radiation on cells. In one experiment, researchers examined the effect of radium on mitosis of chick embryo cells growing in culture. A population of experimental cells was examined under the microscope for the number of cells in telophase (as a measure of mitosis occurring) before, during, and after exposure to radium. The results are shown in the Figure. What is the effect of radium exposure on mitosis? Source: R. G. Canti and M. Donaldson. 1926. The effect of radium on mitosis in vitro. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character 100:413419.arrow_forwardBPA is a chemical compound that has historically been used in the manufacture of plastic products. However, cells often mistake BPA molecules for hormones that accelerate the cell cycle. Because of this, BPA is associated with an increased risk of certain cancers.a. How might BPA interact with the cell cycle and its checkpoints?b. Why do you think that very small concentrations of BPA might have a large effect on a cell?arrow_forward
- Two cells from an animal’s heart are removed and studied. One cell has twice the amount of DNA as the other cell. Which statement is best explains why the second cell has twice the amount of DNA as the first? A The cell is in G1 and the extra DNA is needed now that the cell entering mitosis. B The cell is in G2 of interphase and now has all the DNA it needs function correctly. C The cell has just gone through S phase of interphase and will eventually divide in mitosis. D The cell is in G0 and no longer in a dividing state and has all the DNA needs to function correctly.arrow_forwardBase on your understanding, is the cell cycle efficient? If you can insert or modify steps to make the cell cycle more efficient what will these be?arrow_forwardNEED HELP What structure do animal cells have, and that plant cells do not have, that aids in Mitosis? Explain. a) nucleus b) centriole (c) spindle fibers d) chromatidsarrow_forward
- Which of the following cell types would you expect would grow and divide continuously if given sufficient nutrients and mitogens (select all that apply)? A. Carcinoma cells from a liver biopsy B. Embryonic Stem Cells C. Normal human liver cells D. HeLa Cells E. Brain cells from micearrow_forwardExamine the picture of an onion root tip with cells in various stages of the cell cycle. A student claims that interphase is the longest stage of the cell cycle. Another student claims that mitosis is the longest stage. Using evidence from the photo, determine which student is correct and why A)mitosis is the longest stage because anaphase requires more time to separate chromatids B) interphase is the longest stage because chromosomes are visible in the majority of the cells C) mitosis is the longest stage because the majority of the cells in the photo are replicating their dna D) interphase is the longest stage because the majority of the cells in the photo have uncondensed chromatin and are not dividingarrow_forwardA biologist examines a series of cells and counts 160 cells in interphase, 20 cells in prophase, 6 cells in prometaphase, 2 cells in metaphase, 7 cells in anaphase, and 5 cells in telophase. If the complete cell cycle requires 24 hours, what is the average duration of the M phase in these cells? Of metaphase?arrow_forward
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