Concept explainers
Muscles, Mutations, and Myostatin
The sequence of nucleotides in a gene determines the function of the protein that it encodes. The myostatin gene of Herefords and most other breeds of cattle has a
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Biology
- Descrive in 2-3 sentences an in vitro experiment that differentiates between the Arp2/3 complex’ ability to associate with both the side of the ‘mother’ actin filament and with the barbed end of the ‘mother’ actin filament. Your experiment should take advantage of capping protein (binds and blocks barbed ends), and direct visualization of actin filaments.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a key advantage provided by the exoskeleton of terrestrial arthropods? Prevents dessication Protects internal tissue Provides mechanical support Grows with the arthropod throughout its lifearrow_forwardplease select correct letter and explain a bit why you choose it Fill in the Blank: If you observe mice or humans with muscle contraction problems (including muscular dystrophy), then you can say that their muscle cells have their intermediate filament _________________ mutated.a) desmin b) vermin c) nestin d ) gremlin Fill in the Blanks: The building blocks of our cell proteins are called _____________________ ; and the number of different types of these building blocks are _____ .a) lipids ; 10 b) amino acids ; 20 c) nucleotides ; 30 d) nucleic acids ; 3010.arrow_forward
- Attatched is shown a boxshaded sequence alignment of Horse (top line) and myoglobin (second line). Explain the significance of the black, grey and white colours in your boxshade file. Use the first ten amino acids pairs in the line-up to illustrate your answer.arrow_forwardHomozygosity for extremely rare mutations in a humangene called SCN9A cause complete insensitivity topain (congenital pain insensitivity or CPA) and a totallack of the sense of smell (anosmia). The SCN9A geneencodes a sodium channel protein required for transmission of electrical signals from particular nerves inthe body to the brain. The failure to feel pain is a dangerous condition as people cannot sense injuries.The SCN9A gene has 26 exons and encodes a1977-amino acid polypeptide. Consanguineous matings in three different families have resulted in individuals with CPA/anosmia. In Family 1, a G-to-Atransition in exon 15 results in a truncated protein that is898 amino acids long; in Family 2, deletion of a singlebase results in a 766-amino acid polypeptide; and inFamily 3, a C-to-G transversion in exon 10 yields a458-amino acid protein.a. Hypothesize as to how each of the three SCN9Amutations affects gene structure: Why are truncatedproteins made in each case? b. How would you…arrow_forwardDuring elongation eEF1α complexed to GTP escorts the aminoacyl tRNA to the ribosome. True Falsearrow_forward
- Figure shows a part of the sequence alignment of human and whale myoglobin proteins. Please explain the difference between green- and yellow-colored mutations. Which mutations have higher probability to change the function of protein, why?arrow_forwardNeed help:. Why would having a tryptophan-tRNA with a 3’ACU5’ anticodon reduce viability? What would happen to polypeptides in this cell? If this mutation occurred spontaneously, how would it be affected by selectionarrow_forwardlysome function in plants and animalsarrow_forward
- Good afternoon, Guidance with this question would be most appriciated. Thank you for your time. Polypeptide sequences are formed from 20 amino acids. What is the probability that a single point mutation in a gene will result in a different polypeptide sequence?arrow_forwardNeed help:. Why is wobble proposed to hasten TL elongation?arrow_forward1.Describe the importance of molecular motors in the human body and the state the meaning of molecular motors. 2.Describe the different classes of molecular motors and give examples. 3.Describe the different types of myosinarrow_forward
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