Chapter 12.4, Problem 12ATS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A mechanism for the given conversion of 1 to 2 has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Sodium borohydride (${\text{NaBH}}_{\text{4}}$) is a common reducing agent that can be used to reduce aldehyde and ketones.

Reduction: Addition of hydrogen or removal of oxygen from our starting material is called as reduction.

Sodium borohydride (${\text{NaBH}}_{\text{4}}$) functions as a source of hydride ions (${\text{H}}^{\text{-}}$ ion).

  

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The hydride ion delivered to the top face or to the bottom face has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Sodium borohydride (${\text{NaBH}}_{\text{4}}$) is a common reducing agent that can be used to reduce aldehyde and ketones.

Sodium borohydride (${\text{NaBH}}_{\text{4}}$) functions as a source of hydride ions (${\text{H}}^{\text{-}}$ ion).