Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259709999
Author: Denise G. Anderson Lecturer, Sarah Salm, Deborah Allen
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 13, Problem 10MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Prions are proteinaceous infectious agents and solely composed of proteins. Prions cause number of diseases in animals. In prions disease, proteins get accumulated in the neural tissue leading neuron degeneration and deterioration in brain functioning.
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What would happen to a virus that found its way to an environment filled only with cells that were outside of its host range?
a) This virus would evolve until it was able to use the surrounding cells as hosts
b) This virus would actively transport itself to another area in search of host cells
C) This virus would replicate until it found cells that were within its host range
d) Nothing; this virus would not be replicated
Bacteriophage entry into a host cell involves:
a) Endocytosis
Ob) Membrane fusion
c) Direct injection of genomic material
d) Budding
e) Host cell lysis
Which of the following is characteristic of the lytic cycle?
a) The virus-host relationship usually lasts for generations
b) The viral genome replicates by destroying the host cell
c) A single phage being released at a time
d) Viral DNA is incorporated into the host genome
Chapter 13 Solutions
Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
Ch. 13 - Prob. 1SACh. 13 -
2. How is the replication cycle of lambda phage...Ch. 13 -
3. What is lysogenic conversion?
Ch. 13 -
4. How is specialized transduction different from...Ch. 13 -
5. What is the difference between acute and...Ch. 13 -
6. Why must (–) strand but not (+) strand RNA...Ch. 13 - Why are RNA viruses and retroviruses more...Ch. 13 - What is the role of a prophage in persistent...Ch. 13 -
9. How do oncogenes differ from proto-oncogenes?
Ch. 13 - Describe how prions propagate.
Ch. 13 - Prob. 1MCCh. 13 - Prob. 2MCCh. 13 -
3. Classification of viruses is based on all of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 4MCCh. 13 -
5. All phages must be able to
1) inject their...Ch. 13 - Prob. 6MCCh. 13 -
7. Influenza vaccines must be changed yearly...Ch. 13 - Prob. 8MCCh. 13 - Prob. 9MCCh. 13 - Prob. 10MCCh. 13 -
1. A public health physician isolated large...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2ACh. 13 - Viruses that infect bacterial cells do not infect...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2CT
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- In retroviruses, transcription of the provirus: A) converts viral RNA into viral DNA B) does not result in production of viral protein components C) is done by reverse transcriptase D) represents replication of viral genome/nucleic acidarrow_forwardWhich of the following are activities that a virus particle (a virion) cannot accomplish by itself? Select all that apply. a) Extract energy from food molecules b) Synthesis of capsid proteins c) Generate ATP d) Binding to a host cell e) Replication of the viral genomearrow_forwardwe can stop the biosynthesis stage of the viral life cycle (not the stages before it) by preventing/inhibiting: A) fusion of the envelope and the plasma membrane B) replication and expression of viral nucleic acid/genome C) the virus's attachment molecules from binding to the host cell receptor D) new copies of viral nucleic acid from combining with newly made viral proteins E)buddingarrow_forward
- a "persistent infection" is best described as: A) chronic infection in which viral genes are not expressed and viral proteins are NOT made B) an infection in which the viral nucleic acid does NOT persist/stay in the host cell C) A general term that describes all chronic/long-term infections D) chronic infection in which viral proteins are constantly made E) chronic infections that usually do NOT have a fatal outcomearrow_forwardEukaryotic viruses a.) Can attach to LPS to promote viral entry b.) Can replicate in the host cell nucleus c.) Can inject their genome into the eukaryotic nucleus d.)Do not utilize host ribosomes for protein synthesis e.) Do not utilize host polymerases for genome replicationarrow_forwardThe West Nile virus has what mode of transmission? a) Propagative b) Cyclo-propagative c) Cyclo-developmental d) monoxenousarrow_forward
- Which of the following are the functions of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses? i) it hydrolyzes the host cell's DNA ii) it uses viral RNA as a template for DNA synthesis iii) it converts host cell RNA into viral DNA iv) it translates viral RNA into proteins v) It uses viral RNA as a template for making complementary RNA strand vi) It degrades RNA from DNA-RNA hybrid Oi, iv and v O ii, iv, v and vi ii and iii ii and viarrow_forwardWhich of the statements about bacteriophage is FALSE: a) specialized transduction is a low frequency event b) may accidently package host DNA into a phage particle c) may perform specialized transduction d) only have a lytic life cyclearrow_forwardWhich of the following are hosts of West Nile virus which are also responsible for infecting mosquitoes? a) birds b) humans c) horses d) rodentsarrow_forward
- Prions “replicate” by _____. A) replicating their RNA genome within the cytoplasm B) converting normally-folded versions of the protein into misfolded version C) inserting their genome into the host cells chromosome where it will continue to divide indefinitely D) using reverse transcriptase to copy their RNA genome into a complementary copy of DNAarrow_forwardOver time, how does a virus normally become more able to to infect a host organism and be transmitted to other hosts? a) Mutations b) Increased human contact c) Resistance to drugs d) Natural selection e) Incorrect use of drugsarrow_forwardImagine that a drug was discovered that is able to bind to and cut off the 5' cap of the coronavirus RNA genome once it enters the host cytoplasm. Based on this description, which of the following steps of the infection cycle would this drug directly inhibit? a) Entry b) Synthesis c) Attachment d) Release e) Assemblyarrow_forward
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