Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259709999
Author: Denise G. Anderson Lecturer, Sarah Salm, Deborah Allen
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 13, Problem 1CT
Viruses that infect bacterial cells do not infect human cells, and viruses that infect human cells do not infect bacterial cells. Explain why this should be the case.
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Viruses that infect bacterial cells do not infect human cells, and viruses that infect human cells do not infect bacterial cells. Explain why this should be the case.
As a general rule, viruses are not considered to be alive based on several reasons. One such reason is that some viruses use RNA as their genetic material instead of DNA. Which of the five biological themes does this violate? Briefly explain why.
Select all the following statements that are TRUE regarding viruses:
□ All viruses are potentially dangerous to humans because any virus can infect any host.
□ Viruses are fastidious pathogens that require complex growth media.
□ Viruses are noncellular particles that take over the metabolism of a cell to generate more virus particles.
□ Viruses are genomes made of RNA and DNA that lack many protein.
□ Viruses can infect all other known life forms on earth, from Archaea to humans.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
Ch. 13 - Prob. 1SACh. 13 -
2. How is the replication cycle of lambda phage...Ch. 13 -
3. What is lysogenic conversion?
Ch. 13 -
4. How is specialized transduction different from...Ch. 13 -
5. What is the difference between acute and...Ch. 13 -
6. Why must (–) strand but not (+) strand RNA...Ch. 13 - Why are RNA viruses and retroviruses more...Ch. 13 - What is the role of a prophage in persistent...Ch. 13 -
9. How do oncogenes differ from proto-oncogenes?
Ch. 13 - Describe how prions propagate.
Ch. 13 - Prob. 1MCCh. 13 - Prob. 2MCCh. 13 -
3. Classification of viruses is based on all of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 4MCCh. 13 -
5. All phages must be able to
1) inject their...Ch. 13 - Prob. 6MCCh. 13 -
7. Influenza vaccines must be changed yearly...Ch. 13 - Prob. 8MCCh. 13 - Prob. 9MCCh. 13 - Prob. 10MCCh. 13 -
1. A public health physician isolated large...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2ACh. 13 - Viruses that infect bacterial cells do not infect...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2CT
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- Discuss the following statement: “Viruses exist in the twilight zone of life: outside cells they are simply dead assemblies of molecules; inside cells, however, they are alive.”arrow_forwardHow common is ABV in the USA? In the United States, over half of adults have been infected with ABV by age 40. Once ABV is in a person's body, it stays there for life and can reactivate. Match terms with descriptions based on the text above. You can use an answer more than once or not at all. "Over half of adults have been infected with ABV by age 40." ABV could belong to this group of viruses: A. Human Papilloma Viruses B. Incidence of ABV C. Herpesviruses D. Prevalence of ABV by age 40arrow_forwardWhich of the following highly contagious viruses is a single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus with a helical capsid and envelope and is transmitted by coming in contact with respiratory secretions? "This is a highly contagious respiratory illness transmitted when an infected person coughs or sneezes virus particles into the air," the health department said in a written statement. "It's so contagious that if one person is sick and spreading measles, nine out of 10 people around them who aren't immune will get it, too." Group of answer choices a. Measles b. Parvovirus c. Coxsackie virus A d. Rhinovirusarrow_forward
- Viruses cannot reproduce on their own, without the help of a living cell. Explain the basics of how viruses make more viruses.arrow_forwardSome people feel that viruses are living organisms. Give an explanation as to why they cannot be considered living at this time.arrow_forwardBecause viruses lack some of the traits seen in all living things, many scientists do not believe viruses to be genuinely "alive." Using a few characteristics of live organisms as examples, explain why viruses may not be truly "alive."arrow_forward
- Viruses are made up of the same biomolecules as cellular organisms (DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, etc.), which are synthesized through enzymatic dehydration reactions from building blocks and disassembled by enzymatic hydrolysis. They infect cells and replicate themselves using resources from the host cells. Scientists discovered a previously unknown strain of virus in the tropical Pacific Ocean and it can infect higher-order eukaryotes. Initial analysis revealed that the virus is mainly composed of nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Chemical analysis after complete hydrolysis revealed the following building blocks (by weight): Chemical components Nucleosides Amino acids Lipids, phosphates, and carbohydrates Percentage by weight 20 30 50 Analysis of percentages of nucleosides yielded the following results (by molar ratio): Nucleosides A G T C U Percentage by mole 19 29 19 29 4 Which of the following events mostly involves hydrolysis reaction after the virus infects…arrow_forwardIs there such a thing as a “good virus”? Explain why or why not.Consider both bacteriophages and viruses of eukaryotic organisms.arrow_forwardViruses are not considered living entities, despite the fact that they evolve, have genetic information, and are connected to living organisms. What characteristics of living organisms do viruses lack? Give a brief explanation of how viruses lack these aspects.arrow_forward
- Describe the lysogenic cycle of a virus. What is the difference between the lytic and lysogenic cycle of a virus? What are vaccines? Define the words “Emerging Virus” and “Pandemic”. Give examples of human diseases caused by viruses. What is a prion and viron? Are prion and virons viruses? Give examples of human or animal diseases caused by prions and what organisms are affected. Book: Biology (Campbell) 11 edition Urry. Cain. Wasserman. Minorsky. Reecearrow_forwardWhy does a virus need a host cell?arrow_forwardDefine the terms "latency" and "lysogeny" as they refer to viruses. Describe at least TWO ways these two processes are similar. Describe at least TWO ways these two processes are different.arrow_forward
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