Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259709227
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor, Heidi Smith
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 13, Problem 10Q
Which of the following cells is capable of specifically responding to a nearly infinite number of epitopes?
- a. B and T cells
- b. Plasma cells
- c. T cytotoxic cells
- d. All of these
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Activated helper T Cells participate in which of the following processes?
a.) Differentiation of memory B cells
b.) Activation of cytotoxic T Cells
c.) Facilitation of macrophage phagocytosis
d.) All of above
In a normal individual, a T cell that interacts with a self-antigen in the thymus will more than likely undergo what process (which answer is best)?
A)
apoptosis
B)
release granules
C)
activation
D)
extravasation
E)
anergy
Which of the following statements regarding T cells activated by specific antigen is incorrect?
a. They receive co-stimulatory signals through CD28.
b. They suppress expression of sphingosine 1-phosphate (SIP).
c. They take several days before differentiating into effector T cells.
d. They cease to secrete and respond to interleukin-2 (IL-2).
e. They begin to express CTLA4, which serves to limit T-cell proliferation.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 1AYPCh. 13.1 - Compare the terms antigen, immunogen, and epitope.Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 3AYPCh. 13.1 - Prob. 4AYPCh. 13.1 - Describe the major histocompatibility complex in...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 1NPCh. 13.2 - Prob. 6AYPCh. 13.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 13.2 - Prob. 8AYPCh. 13.2 - Prob. 9AYP
Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 1MMCh. 13.2 - Prob. 2MMCh. 13.3 - List characteristics of antigens that optimize...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 11AYPCh. 13.3 - Prob. 12AYPCh. 13.3 - Prob. 2NPCh. 13.4 - Prob. 13AYPCh. 13.4 - Explain how naive T cells become sensitized to an...Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 15AYPCh. 13.5 - Diagram the steps in B-cell activation, including...Ch. 13.5 - Prob. 17AYPCh. 13.5 - Explain the various end results of antibody...Ch. 13.5 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 13.5 - Draw and label a graphwith time on the horizontal...Ch. 13.6 - Prob. 21AYPCh. 13.6 - Discuss the qualities of an effective vaccine.Ch. 13.6 - Name the two major categories of vaccines and then...Ch. 13.6 - Explain the principle of herd immunity and the...Ch. 13.6 - 3. Which characteristic is associated with passive...Ch. 13 - A single bacterium has _______ epitope(s). a. a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2QCh. 13 - Provide an explanation to refute the following...Ch. 13 - The primary B-cell receptor is a. IgD. b. IgA. c....Ch. 13 - Name three antigen-presenting cells, and what...Ch. 13 - Major histocompatibility molecules are critical...Ch. 13 - In humans, B cells mature in the ___ and T cells...Ch. 13 - Explain how the memory response is the cornerstone...Ch. 13 - Conduct research on clonal deletion and write a...Ch. 13 - Which of the following cells is capable of...Ch. 13 - Is antibody diversity generated at the DNA or RNA...Ch. 13 - In order for gene rearrangement of antigen...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13QCh. 13 - Prob. 14QCh. 13 - Using the details of T-cell activation, suggest a...Ch. 13 - A vaccine that contains parts of viruses is called...Ch. 13 - Explain how herd immunity works to protect the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 18QCh. 13 - Prob. 19QCh. 13 - Chronic lymphocytic leukemia leads to the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 21QCh. 13 - Prob. 1VC
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- Which type of T cell is most effective against viruses? Th1 Th2 cytotoxic T cells regulatory T cellsarrow_forwardMatch the immunity concept with the best description. ___anaphylactic shock a. recognizes antigen ___immune memory b. inadequate immune response ___autoimmunity c general defense mechanism ___inflammation d. immune response against ones own body ___immune deficiency e. secondary response ___antigen receptor f. acute allergic reaction ___antigen processing g. presenting antigen together with MHC markersarrow_forwardMatch the immune cell with its main function. ___dendritic cell a. professional phagocyte ___B cell b. antigen-presenter ___helper T cell c. activates other lymphocytes ___NK cell d. makes antibodies ___macrophage e. kills ailing body cells that lack MHC markersarrow_forward
- How do B and T cells differ with respect to antigens that they bind?arrow_forwardThe fact that the body does not normally mount an immune response to the molecules in food is an example of _______ . a. secondary immune response b. immunological memory c. immune tolerance d. passive immunityarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a part of innate immunity? a. phagocytic cells e. inflammation b. fever f. complement activation c. histamines g. presenting antigen d. cytokines h. all take partarrow_forward
- Activated complement proteins ________. a. puncture cells c. attract macrophages b. promote inflammation d. all of the abovearrow_forwardChoose the most accurate characteristic of B cells. A) They help establish and control the sensitivity of the immune response. B) They stimulate the activities of T cells. C) They attack foreign cells, normal cells infected with viruses, and cancer cells that appear in normal tissues. D) They continually monitor peripheral tissues. E) They differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies.arrow_forwardWhich of these statements about T lymphocytes is false? a. Saome T cells promote the activity of B cells. b. Some T cells suppress the activity of B cells. c. Some T cells secrete interferon. d. Some T cells produce antibodies.arrow_forward
- Explain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect. T cells are differentiated into two groups based on their glycoproteins CD4 or CD8. Which of the following is true of CD4 T cells? a. They become cytotoxic T cells. b. The become antigen presenting cells. c. They become T helper cells. d. They become plasma cells.arrow_forwardWhich of the following describes the developmental pathway for T cells? a. thymus → bone marrow → spleen b. thymus → bone marrow → thymus c. bone marrow → thymus → lymph nodes d. lymph nodes → thymus → spleen e. bone marrow → lymph nodes → thymus.arrow_forwardWhich of the following pairs is mismatched? a. T-cell activation: cell division and differentiation b. effector B cell: plasma cell c. plasma cell: antibody secretion d. helper T cell: kills pathogen-infected cells e. helper T cell: facilitates the differentiation of B cells.arrow_forward
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