Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The mass of caffeine that remains in the aqueous phase is to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
The distribution ratio is defined as the total concentration of a solute in the stationary phase in all possible chemical forms divided by the total concentration of a solute in the mobile phase in all possible chemical forms. It is denoted by
The formula to calculate the mass that remains in the water is as follows:
Here,
The formula to calculate the fraction that remains in the water is as follows:
Here,
(b)
Interpretation:
The mass of caffeine that remains in the aqueous phase after each extraction in two successive extractions is to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
The distribution ratio is defined as the total concentration of a solute in the stationary phase in all possible chemical forms divided by the total concentration of a solute in the mobile phase in all possible chemical forms. It is denoted by
The formula to calculate the mass that remains in the water is as follows:
Here,
The formula to calculate the fraction that remains in the water is as follows:
Here,
(c)
Interpretation:
The approach that extracts more caffeine is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The solvent extraction is a technique to separate compounds on the basis of their relative solubilities in two different immiscible liquids. One of the liquids is generally water (polar) and the other one is an organic solvent (non-polar). This method is used in extraction that is carried out in hydrometallurgy, wastewater treatment, biochemistry, nuclear chemistry, pharmaceutical industry, and mass spectroscopy.
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Chapter 13 Solutions
CHEM 212:STUDENT SOLUTION MANUAL
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