IA MODIFIED MASTERING BIOLOGY WITH E TEX
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780136781752
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 13, Problem 13.3CR
Summary Introduction
To explain: The reason why synapsis and crossing over cannot occur in prophase II.
Introduction: Meiosis is a process that involves two cell divisions—meiosis I and meiosis II, resulting in four daughter cells that are haploid. At prophase I, the homologous chromosomes pair with each other, and the process is known as synapsis. At the end of meiosis I, the two homologs separate into two daughter cells. The sister chromatids separate to form four haploid daughter cells in meiosis II.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Protein complex present at
centromeres in mitotic cells
structure formed when
DNA wraps around an
octameric histone core
Protein complex that is
degraded at anaphase to
allow sister chromatids to
separate at mitosis
microtubule based
structure used to segregate
chromosomes in mitosis
and meiosis
1. cohesin complex
2. kinetochore
3. monopolin
4. nucleosome
5. synaptonemal complex
6. telomere
7. sister chromatid
8. spindle
SOMATIC CELL DIVISION IN 4 DI/FFERENT
SPECIES, EA CH WITH A DIFFERENT NUMBER
OF CIHROMOSOMES *
Part IV. Images
The images on the left represent events of a mitotic division in a haploid cell in which N=2. In the
other boxes in each row, draw the same events for cells with the indicated chromosome number.
SPECIES A
Haploid, N = 2
SPECIES B
Haploid, N = 3
SPECIES C
Diploid, N = 2
SPECIES D
Diploid, N = 3
NAME
THE
PHASE
LABEL: cytoplasm
núclear enve
chromo some
chromatid
spindle fibers
centriole
centromere
genome
å gene (this you
will have to draw,too)
You will need to
label at leas
2 boxes to
iden ti fy all these
structures.8
but remember, every cell in that species has the same number.
Crossing over occurs during
(a)
(b)
prophase
prophase I
metaphase I
prophase II
(d)
Chapter 13 Solutions
IA MODIFIED MASTERING BIOLOGY WITH E TEX
Ch. 13.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Using what you know of gene...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 13.1 - WHATIF? A horticulturalist breeds orchids, trying...Ch. 13.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS In Figure 13.4. how many DNA...Ch. 13.2 - VISUAL SKILLS In The karyotype shown in Figuro...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 13.2 - WHAT IF? A certain eukaryote lives as a...Ch. 13.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Comparc tho chromosomes in a...Ch. 13.3 - WHAT IF? After the synaptonemal complex...Ch. 13.4 - What is the original source of Variation among the...
Ch. 13.4 - The diploid number for fruit flies is 8, and the...Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 13 - Explain why human offifuing resemble their parents...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.2CRCh. 13 - Prob. 13.3CRCh. 13 - Prob. 13.4CRCh. 13 - A human cell containing 22 autosomes.and a Y...Ch. 13 - The two homologs of a pair move toward opposite...Ch. 13 - Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that (A)...Ch. 13 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 13 - If we continue to follow the cell lineage from...Ch. 13 - DRAW IT The diagram shows a cell in meiosis. (a)...Ch. 13 - Explain how you can tell that the cell in question...Ch. 13 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Many species can reproduce...Ch. 13 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY The diagram in quest ion 6...Ch. 13 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 13 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE For selected answers,...
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- Describe in detail how the anaphase promoting complex processes result initiate anaphase, including the activities of proteins important in chromosome-kinetochore stability and sister chromatid separation e.g. securin, separase, mitotic Cdk-cyclin proteins, cohesins, Mad and Bub proteins.arrow_forwardAcross framework for chrom 11 osome movement during cell division 14 15 17 19.) the stage of çell division in which the cytoplasm divides to fórm two daughter cells 8. 9- 10 20.) chromosomes that are similar in morphology and genetic costitution 11 12 13 14 Down 15 16 14.) repeating units of chromatin structure, each consisting of a length of DNA wound around a complex of eight histone molecules 17 18 19 20 17.) The division of the cell nucleus resulting in two daughter nuclel, each with the samearrow_forwardExplain why we can say that M-phase of the cell-cycle is triggered by a positive feedback loop. a) What would the consequences be if cohesins were working normally but condensins were not? and b) what stage of the cell cycle would this cause problems in? Why is it important for the centrosome to duplicate during G1-G2 (interphase) before M phase? The kinetochores serve as a link between the sister chromatids and the microtubules attached to the mitotic spindle. a) How are microtubules still able to exhibit dynamic instability after they are bound to the sister chromatids and b) why is this important to mitosis? As the name suggests, the Anaphase-promoting-complex (APC), promotes the 4th phase of mitosis by separating the sister chromatids so they can travel to separate poles of the cell, and prevents them from being re-zipped together. Describe how APC does these two things (Hint: one involves M-cyclin and the other involves…arrow_forward
- 29) Anaphase Il is essentially the same as mitotic anaphase except that in anaphase II and in mitotic anaphase D) the cells are haploid and sister chromatids separate... the cells have the same number of chromosomes as the original cell and sister chromatids separate the cells are diploid... the cells are haploid chromosomes line up double file in the middle of the cell.. chromosomes line up single file in the middle of the cell crossing over occurs... crossing over does not occur the cells are haploid and sister chromatids separate... the cells have the same number of chromosomes as the original cell and sister chromatids separatearrow_forwardin a diploid species, one somatic cell has8 chromatids before S phase. In this species, 2n=2? 2n=4? 2n=16? 2n=8? Which one? Please explain it, thank youarrow_forward24arrow_forward
- During meiosis I, assuming no crossing over, what chromatid combination(s) will be present at the completion of prophase? Draw all possible alignments of chromatids as migration begins during early anaphase.arrow_forwardAnaphase: The kinetochore microtubules that make up the spindle begin to shorten, separating the sister chromatids from one another and drawing each to opposite poles of the cell. Polar microtubules assist in this process as they begin to lengthen and push the poles farther from each other. Why is this separation of chromatids necessary?arrow_forwardillustrate and briefly describe the alignment, pairing, and disjunction ofsister chromatids during mitosis. Include the molecular complexes cohesin and shugoshin and the enzyme separase.arrow_forward
- Select all the events that occur during anaphase Iarrow_forwardX chromosome inactivation in a diploid XX female is not completely inactivated, explain?arrow_forwardA) Quiescent Anaphase Telophase Telophase phase Metaphase Prometaph The maternal and paternal chromosomes of each homologous pair separate and reach the poles of the cell, nuclear envelopes form around them, and cytokinesis follows to produce daughter cells.arrow_forward
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