EBK DATA STRUCTURES AND ALGORITHMS IN C
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781285415017
Author: DROZDEK
Publisher: YUZU
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Consider a divide-and-conquer algorithm that calculates the sum of all elements in a set of n numbers by dividing the set into two sets of n/2 numbers each, finding the sum of each of the two subsets recursively, and then adding the result. What is the recurrence relation for the number of operations required for this algorithm?
Answer is f(n) = 2 f(n/2) + 1. Please show why this is the case.
A computer system considers a string of the digits 0, 1, 2, 3 a valid codeword if it has no two consecutive 1's. For example 01213 is a valid codeword of length 5 while 11320, 1022110, and 211133 are not valid. Let an be the number of valid codewords of length n. Find a recurrence relation for an and hence use it to find a4..
Give four key parameters which influence the overall efficiency of path finding algorithms with simple validations
Chapter 13 Solutions
EBK DATA STRUCTURES AND ALGORITHMS IN C
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Draw a decision tree and find the number of key comparisons in the worst and average cases for the three-element enhanced bubble sort (which stops if no swaps have been made on its last pass).arrow_forwardAn algorithm solves problems by dividing them into five subproblems of half the size, recursively solving each subproblem, and then combining the solutions in linear time. What is the recurrence relation for this algorithm? What is the runtime for the algorithm?arrow_forwardWrite a Python program to create a Markov model of order k, and then use that model to generate text. Our Markov model will be stored in a dictionary. The keys of the dictionary will be k-grams, and the value for each key will also be a dictionary, storing the number of occurrences of each character that follows the k-gram. Note how, for instance, the key 'ga' in the dictionary has the value {'g': 4, 'a': 1}. That is because, following 'ga' in the input text, the letter 'g' appears four times and the letter 'a' appears one time. write the functions: get_grams(text, k): Returns a dictionary of k-grams as described above, using the input string text and the given positive integer k. Do not form k-grams for the last k characters of the text. combine_grams(grams1, grams2): Takes two k-gram dictionaries and combines them, returning the new combined dictionary. All key-value pairs from both dictionaries should be added into the new dictionary. If a key exists in both dictionaries, then…arrow_forward
- Design a divide-and-conquer algorithm for the problem of finding the longest sequence of consecutive negative numbers in a list of negative and positive numbers. Find the time complexity of your algorithm (type recurrence relation first). Example input: [2, 5, 0, -3, -5, 0, -1, -2, -1, 2]; Output: [-1, -2, -1] assum : In this example there are two consecutive sequences of negative numbers. [-3, -5] and [-1, -2, -1]. Since the second one is longer, that is the output.arrow_forwardsubject: discrete structures there may be several correct answers Find a recurrence relation for the number of ternary strings of length ? that do not contain three consecutive 0’s.arrow_forwardWhich one is the key thing in backtracking? Insertion Recursion Submission In what manner is a state-space tree for a backtracking algorithm constructed? Depth-first search Breadth-first search Twice around the tree Nearest neighbour first What does the following function do? int fun(int x, int y) { if (y == 0) return 0; return (x + fun(x, y-1)); } x + y x + x*y x*y xy Consider the following recursive function fun(x, y). What is the value of fun(4, 3) int fun(int x, int y) { if (x == 0) return y; return fun(x - 1, x + y); } 10 9 13 12 Predict output of following program 16 4 Runtime Error 8 Assume you have the following backtracking based sorting algorithm:bool Backtracking_Sort(sorted_list, unsorted_list, index, length) { if (index == length) { return true; } Potential_values = []; If (index != 0) {Potential_values = get_larger_unused_values(sorted_list, unsorted_list, index);} else { Potential_values = copy(unsorted_list);}…arrow_forward
- For the 8-queens problem, define a heuristic function, design a Best First Search algorithm in which the search process is guided by f(n) = g(n) + h(n), where g(n) is the depth of node n and h(n) is the heuristic function you define, and give the pseudo code description.arrow_forwardHow would I find the recurrence relation(or so called recursion equation) for the following code, and how would that help me get "average time analysis" for big Theta notation? double func3(int[] A) {int count = 0;int sum = 0;Random prng = new Random();for (int i=0; count < 25 && i < A.length; i++) {if (prng.nextDouble() < 0.5){count++;sum+=A[i];}}return sum / 25.0;} what I had got so far is that this function would iterate for the half of the length of the data array that is passed(int[] A) until input array A reaches length of 50, where it will start to get stuck to the 25 iteration for average which is limited by count<25 condition so the recurrence relation would be something like 1. f(x) = 0, when the x reaches the recursion stack that the anymore recursion would not affect sum anymore(reaches 25 count) 2.f(x) = f(x+1) +1/2 , x>0 something like this, that it would make progress toward base case. I am not sure this would be the right form, but I am…arrow_forwardWhat is the obvious lower bound to the problem of finding the median value of a given n-element sequence of integers? Is this obvious lower bound a TIGHT lower bound, why?arrow_forward
- Answer the ff: questions: 1. What is the special case called for the lecture implementation of bucket sort with only one bucket? A. Average Case Bucket Sort B. Worst Cake Bucket Sort C. Q-tip Sort D. Insertion Sort 2. Big O is used to denote an upper bound for a function in the coding sense and NOT the mathematical sense. A. TrueB. False 3. Using the definition of Big O notation, what is O(n)? A. A function with a dominating linear term and possibly some additive constants B.A complexity with the dominating term being equal to n C. A linearly scaling algorithm D. A set of positive functions less than or equal to cn; with c being some positive integer 4. The Big O complexity of a given algorithm changes with respect to n. A. True B. Falsearrow_forwardProve the correctness of the following pattern-matching algorithm. The input consists of a string S[1..n], and a pattern P[0..m − 1], where 1 ≤ m ≤ n. The algorithmlocates the first contiguous occurrence of the pattern P in the string S, that is, . = p if S[p..p + m − 1] = P, and . = n − m + 1 if the pattern P does not occur at all in the string S. function match(P, S, n, m) comment Find the pattern P[0..m − 1] in string S[1..n] 1. . := 0; matched := false 2. while (. ≤ n − m) ∧ ¬matched do 3. . := . +1; 4. r := 0; matched := true 5. while (r<m) ∧ matched do 6. matched := matched ∧ (P[r] = S[. + r]) 7. r := r + 1 8. return(.)arrow_forwardLet M(m,n) denote the number of comparisons required to merge two sorted lists of sizes m and n. a) Derive an "information theoretic" lower bound on M(m,n). b) Find an interesting relation between M(m,n) and the analogous function S defined for sorting. Use this relation to derive a lower bound for M(m,n) in terms of S. (Hint: Start with an upper bound on S(m+n).arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Database System ConceptsComputer ScienceISBN:9780078022159Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. SudarshanPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationStarting Out with Python (4th Edition)Computer ScienceISBN:9780134444321Author:Tony GaddisPublisher:PEARSONDigital Fundamentals (11th Edition)Computer ScienceISBN:9780132737968Author:Thomas L. FloydPublisher:PEARSON
- C How to Program (8th Edition)Computer ScienceISBN:9780133976892Author:Paul J. Deitel, Harvey DeitelPublisher:PEARSONDatabase Systems: Design, Implementation, & Manag...Computer ScienceISBN:9781337627900Author:Carlos Coronel, Steven MorrisPublisher:Cengage LearningProgrammable Logic ControllersComputer ScienceISBN:9780073373843Author:Frank D. PetruzellaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Database System Concepts
Computer Science
ISBN:9780078022159
Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Starting Out with Python (4th Edition)
Computer Science
ISBN:9780134444321
Author:Tony Gaddis
Publisher:PEARSON
Digital Fundamentals (11th Edition)
Computer Science
ISBN:9780132737968
Author:Thomas L. Floyd
Publisher:PEARSON
C How to Program (8th Edition)
Computer Science
ISBN:9780133976892
Author:Paul J. Deitel, Harvey Deitel
Publisher:PEARSON
Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Manag...
Computer Science
ISBN:9781337627900
Author:Carlos Coronel, Steven Morris
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Programmable Logic Controllers
Computer Science
ISBN:9780073373843
Author:Frank D. Petruzella
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education