Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The electron-pair geometry for the molecules
Concept introduction:
The electron pairs in Lewis diagrams repel each other in real molecule and thus they distribute themselves in positions around the central atoms that are as far away from one another. This arrangement of electron pairs is called electron-pair geometry. The electron pairs may be shared in covalent bond, or they may be lone pairs.
Answer to Problem 21E
The Lewis diagrams for
, and
The wedge-and-dash diagrams for
, and
The electron pair geometry for
Explanation of Solution
To write the Lewis diagram for a compound first the number of valence electrons is to be calculated. In the molecule,
In the molecule,
Similarly, in the molecule
The atom which is least electronegative is the central atom. In
Figure 1
In
Figure 2
In
Figure 3
The electron-pair geometry depends on the number of electron pairs around the central atom. In the molecule
The wedge-and-dash diagram for the molecules
Figure 4
The wedge-and-dash diagram for the molecules
Figure 5
The wedge-and-dash diagram for the molecules
Figure 6
The Lewis and wedge-and-dash diagrams for
(b)
Interpretation:
The molecular geometry prdicted by the valence shell electron-pair repulsion theory for the molecules
Concept introduction:
Molecular geometry is the precise term that is used to describe the shape of molecules and arrangement of atoms around the central atom. The molecular geometry of a molecule is predicted by valence shell electron-pair repulsion theory or in short VSEPR theory. VSEPR theory applies to substances in which a second period element is bonded to two, three, four, or other atoms.
Answer to Problem 21E
The Lewis diagrams for
, and
The wedge-and-dash diagrams for
, and
The molecular geometry for
Explanation of Solution
To write the Lewis diagram for a compound first the number of valence electrons is to be calculated. In the molecule,
In the molecule,
Similarly, in the molecule,
The atom which is least electronegative is the central atom. In
Figure 1
In
Figure 2
In
Figure 3
The molecular geometry depends on the number of electron pairs around the central atom and the number of lone pair on the central atom. In the molecule
The wedge-and-dash diagram for the molecules
Figure 4
The wedge-and-dash diagram for the molecules
Figure 5
The wedge-and-dash diagram for the molecules
Figure 6
The Lewis and wedge-and-dash diagrams for
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Chapter 13 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach
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