Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399920
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 13, Problem 2LTL
To determine
The evolutionary stages of the Sun from main-sequence to a black dwarf.
The expected peak color of the Sun’s spectrum for the evolutionary stages of the Sun.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
If the nuclear fusion reaction of converting 4 H → He occurs at an
efficiency of 0.7%, and that mass is converted into energy according
to the equation E = mc2, then estimate the Main Sequence lifetime of the Sun (spectral type G2)
in years if the Sun (⊙) has a surface luminosity L⊙ = 3.839°ø1033
erg. Assume the Sun’s core (10% of the total mass) is converted
from H into He. The Sun’s mass is M⊙ = 1.9891 °ø 1033 g.
Assume that when a certain main sequence star becomes a giant gas, its luminosity increases from L to 1000 L and its radius also increases from R to 1000 R. If the initial surface temperature is T, what approximately is the final surface temperature?
A. 0.032 T
B. 0.18 T
C. 0.0010 T
D. 0.010 T
if the nuclear fusion reaction of converting 4 H → He occurs at anefficiency of 0.7%, and that mass is converted into energy accordingto the equation E = mc2, then estimate the Main Sequence lifetime of the Sun (spectral type G2)in years if the Sun (⊙) has a surface luminosity L⊙ = 3.839×1033erg. Assume the Sun’s core (10% of the total mass) is convertedfrom H into He. The Sun’s mass is M⊙ = 1.9891 × 1033 g
Chapter 13 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 13 - Prob. 1RQCh. 13 - Prob. 2RQCh. 13 - Prob. 3RQCh. 13 - Prob. 4RQCh. 13 - Prob. 5RQCh. 13 - Prob. 6RQCh. 13 - Prob. 7RQCh. 13 - Prob. 8RQCh. 13 - Prob. 9RQCh. 13 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 13 - Prob. 11RQCh. 13 - Prob. 12RQCh. 13 - Prob. 13RQCh. 13 - Prob. 14RQCh. 13 - Prob. 15RQCh. 13 - Prob. 16RQCh. 13 - Prob. 17RQCh. 13 - Prob. 18RQCh. 13 - Prob. 19RQCh. 13 - Prob. 20RQCh. 13 - Prob. 21RQCh. 13 - Prob. 22RQCh. 13 - Prob. 23RQCh. 13 - Prob. 24RQCh. 13 - Prob. 25RQCh. 13 - Prob. 1PCh. 13 - Prob. 2PCh. 13 - Prob. 3PCh. 13 - Prob. 4PCh. 13 - Prob. 5PCh. 13 - Prob. 6PCh. 13 - Prob. 7PCh. 13 - Prob. 8PCh. 13 - Add a fourth column to Table 13-1 and write in the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 10PCh. 13 - Prob. 11PCh. 13 - Prob. 12PCh. 13 - Prob. 13PCh. 13 - Prob. 14PCh. 13 - Prob. 15PCh. 13 - Prob. 2SOPCh. 13 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 13 - Prob. 2LTLCh. 13 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 13 - Prob. 4LTLCh. 13 - Prob. 5LTL
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Describe the evolution of a star with a mass like that of the Sun, from the main-sequence phase of its evolution until it becomes a white dwarf.arrow_forwardIf the Sun were replaced by a white dwarf with a surface temperature of 10,000 K and a radius equal to Earth’s, how would its luminosity compare to that of the Sun?arrow_forwardIn about 5 billion years, the sun will evolve to a red giant. Assume that its surface temperature will decrease to about half its present value of 6000 K, while its present radius of 7.0108 m will increase to 1.51011 m (which is the current Earth-sun distance). Calculate the ratio of the total power emitted by the sun in its red giant stage to its present power.arrow_forward
- Describe the evolution of a star with a mass similar to that of the Sun, from the protostar stage to the time it first becomes a red giant. Give the description in words and then sketch the evolution on an HR diagram.arrow_forwardA G2 star has a luminosity 100 times that of the Sun. What kind of star is it? How does its radius compare with that of the Sun?arrow_forwardWhat physical properties are different for an M giant with a luminosity of 1000 LSunand an M dwarf with a luminosity of 0.5 LSun? What physical properties are the same?arrow_forward
- Before the star that became SN 1987A exploded, it evolved from a red supergiant to a blue supergiant while remaining at the same luminosity. As a red supergiant, its surface temperature would have been approximately 4000 K, while as a blue supergiant, its surface temperature was 16,000 K. How much did the radius change as it evolved from a red to a blue supergiant?arrow_forwardDescribe what happens when a star forms. Begin with a dense core of material in a molecular cloud and trace the evolution up to the time the newly formed star reaches the main sequence.arrow_forwardWhen the Sun becomes a red giant, it's luminosity will be 2000 times its current value. The solar flux at Earth will also increase by a factor of 2000. Neglecting the greenhouse effect, the surface temperature of the earth is determined by thermal equilibrium: the flux of radiation absorbed equals the flux of radiation emitted. This means the Earth's surface flux must also increase by a factor of 2000. If the current average surface temperature is 58 degrees F, what will the average surface temperature be when the Sun is a red giant. Express your answer in units of degrees Fahrenheit. [Hint: Recall that the Stefan-Boltzmann law says that the flux F emitted by a blackbody is related to its surface temperature T (measured in Kelvins) is F=σT4 . Use this law in the form of a ratio, expressing T in Kelvins. Then convert back to Fahrenheit.]arrow_forward
- For each statement concerning main sequence stars, select T True, F False, G Greater than, L Less than, or E Equal to. A) The surface temperature of a O type star is .... than a K type star. B) On the main sequence, the mass of a O type star is .... than a F type star. C) On the main sequence, a M type star's life is .... than a G type star. D) The surface temperature of our Sun is .... than the surface temperature of Sirius. E) When stars start hydrogen burning, thier mass determines where they are on the main sequence. F) Based on the relative lifes of M and G type stars we expect the number of M stars to be .... than the number of G type stars.arrow_forwardgiven that the suns lifetime is about 10 billion years, estimate the life expectancy of (A) a 0.2-solar mass, 0.01-solar luminosity red dwarfarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Stars and Galaxies (MindTap Course List)PhysicsISBN:9781337399944Author:Michael A. SeedsPublisher:Cengage Learning
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)PhysicsISBN:9781337399920Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana BackmanPublisher:Cengage Learning
AstronomyPhysicsISBN:9781938168284Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. WolffPublisher:OpenStax
University Physics Volume 3PhysicsISBN:9781938168185Author:William Moebs, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax
Stars and GalaxiesPhysicsISBN:9781305120785Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana BackmanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Stars and Galaxies (MindTap Course List)
Physics
ISBN:9781337399944
Author:Michael A. Seeds
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
Physics
ISBN:9781337399920
Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Astronomy
Physics
ISBN:9781938168284
Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher:OpenStax
University Physics Volume 3
Physics
ISBN:9781938168185
Author:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny
Publisher:OpenStax
Stars and Galaxies
Physics
ISBN:9781305120785
Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher:Cengage Learning