Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 23, Problem 44E
If the Sun were replaced by a white dwarf with a surface temperature of 10,000 K and a radius equal to Earth’s, how would its luminosity compare to that of the Sun?
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Chapter 23 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 23 - How does a white dwarf differ from a neutron star?...Ch. 23 - Describe the evolution of a star with a mass like...Ch. 23 - Describe the evolution of a massive star (say, 20...Ch. 23 - How do the two types of supernovae discussed in...Ch. 23 - A star begins its life with a mass of 5 MSunbut...Ch. 23 - If the formation of a neutron star leads to a...Ch. 23 - How can the Crab Nebula shine with the energy of...Ch. 23 - How is a nova different from a type Ia supernova?...Ch. 23 - Apart from the masses, how are binary systems with...Ch. 23 - What observations from SN 1987A helped confirm...
Ch. 23 - Describe the evolution of a white dwarf over time,...Ch. 23 - Describe the evolution of a pulsar over time, in...Ch. 23 - How would a white dwarf that formed from a star...Ch. 23 - What do astronomers think are the causes of...Ch. 23 - How did astronomers finally solve the mystery of...Ch. 23 - Arrange the following stars in order of their...Ch. 23 - Would you expect to find any white dwarfs in the...Ch. 23 - Suppose no stars more massive than about 2 MSunhad...Ch. 23 - Would you be more likely to observe a type II...Ch. 23 - Astronomers believe there are something like 100...Ch. 23 - Would you expect to observe every supernova in our...Ch. 23 - The Large Magellanic Cloud has about one-tenth the...Ch. 23 - Look at the list of the nearest stars in Appendix...Ch. 23 - If most stars become white dwarfs at the ends of...Ch. 23 - If a 3 and 8 MSunstar formed together in a binary...Ch. 23 - You have discovered two star clusters. The first...Ch. 23 - A supernova remnant was recently discovered and...Ch. 23 - Based upon the evolution of stars, place the...Ch. 23 - What observations or types of telescopes would you...Ch. 23 - How would the spectra of a type II supernova be...Ch. 23 - The ring around SN 1987A (Figure 23.12) initially...Ch. 23 - What is the acceleration of gravity (g) at the...Ch. 23 - What is the escape velocity from the Sun? How much...Ch. 23 - What is the average density of the Sun? How does...Ch. 23 - Say that a particular white dwarf has the mass of...Ch. 23 - What is the escape velocity from the white dwarf...Ch. 23 - What is the average density of the white dwarf in...Ch. 23 - Now take a neutron star that has twice the mass of...Ch. 23 - What is the escape velocity from the neutron star...Ch. 23 - What is the average density of the neutron star in...Ch. 23 - One way to calculate the radius of a star is to...Ch. 23 - According to a model described in the text, a...Ch. 23 - Do the same calculations as in Exercise 23.42 but...Ch. 23 - If the Sun were replaced by a white dwarf with a...Ch. 23 - A supernova can eject material at a velocity of...Ch. 23 - A supernova remnant was observed in 2007 to be...Ch. 23 - The ring around SN 1987A (Figure 23.12) started...Ch. 23 - Before the star that became SN 1987A exploded, it...Ch. 23 - What is the radius of the progenitor star that...Ch. 23 - What is the acceleration of gravity at the surface...Ch. 23 - What was the escape velocity from the surface of...Ch. 23 - What was the average density of the star that...Ch. 23 - If the pulsar shown in Figure 23.16 is rotating...
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- What is the defining difference between a brown dwarf and a true star?arrow_forwardWhat physical properties are different for an M giant with a luminosity of 1000 LSunand an M dwarf with a luminosity of 0.5 LSun? What physical properties are the same?arrow_forwardA G2 star has a luminosity 100 times that of the Sun. What kind of star is it? How does its radius compare with that of the Sun?arrow_forward
- A star begins its life with a mass of 5 MSunbut ends its life as a white dwarf with a mass of 0.8 MSun. List the stages in the star’s life during which it most likely lost some of the mass it started with. How did mass loss occur in each stage?arrow_forwardAssume that when a certain main sequence star becomes a giant gas, its luminosity increases from L to 1000 L and its radius also increases from R to 1000 R. If the initial surface temperature is T, what approximately is the final surface temperature? A. 0.032 T B. 0.18 T C. 0.0010 T D. 0.010 Tarrow_forwardShow that if two stars of the same luminosity form a close binary pair, the magnitude apparent light of the pair measured together is about 0.75 magnitudes brighter than any of the individual stars.arrow_forward
- The Orion Nebula is a gas-rich region in which stars are being born. The nebula is at a distance of about 1344 lyr from Earth.Suppose you observe a star in the Orion Nebula to have an apparent magnitude of 6.75. Calculate the absolute magnitudeof the star. Also calculate the luminosity of the star in units of the solar luminosity (knowing that the absolute magnitude ofthe Sun is 4.8).arrow_forwardIf a contracting protostar is two times the radius of the Sun and has a temperature of only 1890 K, how luminous will it be relative to the Sun?arrow_forwardThe lowest mass for a true star is 1/12 the mass of the sun. What is the luminosity of this star (in units of the sun’s luminosity) based upon mass luminosity relationship? Use the exponent of 4 for easy calculations instead of 3.9arrow_forward
- What is the lifetime on the main sequence of a 2-solar-mass star? a. 1.8 × 1011 years b. 1.8 × 1010 years c. 1.8 × 109 years d. 1.8 × 106 years e. 1.8 × 103 yearsarrow_forwardWhich main-sequence star would be the least luminous? a. A b. B c. F d. G e. Karrow_forwardIf you were to compare three stars with the same surface temperature, with one star being a giant, another a supergiant, and the third a main-sequence star, how would their radii compare to one another?arrow_forward
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