Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781133603184
Author: Frances Sizer, Ellie Whitney
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 13, Problem 7SC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Alcohol is one of the most harmful drugs for a woman during pregnancy. It causes many adverse effects and complications which can affect the growth of the baby. This can lead to a disease known as Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in fetus.
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In terms of the frequency of its effects and its cost to society, the most devastating human teratogen is undoubtedly ethanol. However, not all human babies that are exposed to alcohol while in the womb develop Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS). Describe three reasons why not all babies exposed to alcohol develop FAS.
In positive mechanism, which of the following will happen if there is an increase production of estrogen in day 12 to 14 of the menstrual cycle?
a/The level of released hormones cannot be determined
b.There is a decrease release of estrogen in the ovaries
c.There is an increase release of estrogen in the ovaries
d.There is constant level of estrogen in the ovarie
Which of the following statements does NOT describe the role of progesterone in the female reproductive system?
a. Triggers the release of the ovum
b. Prevents smooth muscle contraction, thereby preventing premature birth
c. Prevents the shedding of the endometrium
d. Ensures that the endometrium is thick enough to support a fetilized egg
Chapter 13 Solutions
Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, health-nutrition and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Nutrient and waste requirements for the developing fetus are handled during the first few weeks by _____. a. the placenta b. diffusion through the endometrium c. the chorion d. the blastocystarrow_forwardHow does folate deficiency affect fetal development? A. It does not affect fetal development B. It increases the health of the fetus C. It can cause birth defects D. It helps the fetus to develop fasterarrow_forwardWhich of the following represents a common metabolic or physiological change that occurs in pregnancy? Question 21 options: a) An increase in urine production b) An increase in respiratory rate c) An increase in blood pressure d) A decrease in thyroid functionarrow_forward
- Which of the following statement does NOT describe the role of progesterone in the female reproductive system? Select one: A. Prevent the shedding of the endometrium B. Ensures that the endometrium is thick enough to support a fertilized egg C. Trigger the thickening of the endometrium D. Prevent smooth muscle construction, thereby preventing premature birtharrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a mechanism on how contraceptive pills work to prevent pregnancy? A. thinning the endometrium to prevent implantation B. inhibition of follicular development and suppression of ovulation C. progesterone inhibits the sperm from penetrating through the cervix and female upper tract by making the cervical mucus unfriendly D. stimulates the production of high testosterone levelsarrow_forwardIn general, the greatest vulnerability to teratogens occurs during: Group of answer choices the last part of the fetal period of prenatal development. A the embryonic period of prenatal development. B the zygotic period of prenatal development. C the germinal period of prenatal development. Darrow_forward
- Estradiol is found in high levels in the pregnant rat. This estradiol is prevented from affecting the development of the fetus because: a. it is chemically converted to testosterone, which does not affect the fetus b. it is bound by alpha-fetoprotein c. the blood-brain barrier keeps estrogens like estradiol out of the brain d. the fetus does not possess the estrogen receptors needed to respond to the estradiolarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is not true about the placenta? A. It provides exchange of wastes and nutrients between the mother and the fetus. B. It develops by the third month of gestation. C. It allows transfer of maternal immunoglobulin D. It allows passage of bacteria and virus. -Provide explanationarrow_forwardEarly pregnancy tests used antibodies to detect the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in maternal urine. Explain how hCG, produced by the chorion, gets in maternal urine.arrow_forward
- In the section on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, we discussed that the typical advice given to pregnant women is that the only safe level of alcohol consumption is no consumption at all. However, although the evidence is clear that a mother’s heavy consumption is dangerous to the fetus, the effects, if any, of light alcohol consumption on the fetus are far more ambiguous. In view of the current state of knowledge, do you think it is ethical to give blanket, prescriptive-like advice to women to not drink alcohol if they are pregnant? In considering your answer, consult the articles by Gavaghan (2009), Kelly et al. (2009), and Murray et al. (2016).arrow_forwardIf the ovum is not fertilized, the corpus luteum regresses, and the endometrium sloughs off to result in the first day of menstrual bleeding. The latter event would be duplicated, even if fertilization occurred, if receptors for which of the following hormones were occupied by an antagonist? A) Dehydroepiandrosterone B) Estradiol C ) Estriol D) Estrone E) Progesteronearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is incorrect?a. The placenta secretes hormones such as progesterone, hCG, and estrogen.b. Embryonic tissue and maternal tissue forms the placenta.c. The chorion supplies nutrients to the embryo by diffusion.d. The umbilical cord is formed by one artery and two veinsarrow_forward
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