COLLEGE PHYSICS
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781464196393
Author: Freedman
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 14, Problem 100QAP
To determine
The final state and temperature of
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Chapter 14 Solutions
COLLEGE PHYSICS
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- Consider a container of nitrogen gas molecules at 900 K. Calculate (a) the most probable speed, (b) the average speed, and (c) the rms speed for the molecules. (d) State how your results compare with the values displayed in Figure 21.11.arrow_forwardReview. A 670-kg meteoroid happens to be composed of aluminum. When it is far from the Earth, its temperature is 15.0C and it moves at 14.0 km/s relative to the planet. As it crashes into the Earth, assume the internal energy transformed from the mechanical energy of the meteoroid-Earth system is shared equally between the meteoroid and the Earth and all the material of the meteoroid rises momentarily to the same final temperature. Find this temperature. Assume the specific heat of liquid and of gaseous aluminum is 1 170 J/kg C.arrow_forwardThe evaporation of perspiration is the primary mechanism for cooling the human body. Estimate the amount of water you will lose when you bake in the sun on the beach for an hour. Use a value of 1 000 W/m2 for the intensity of sun-light and note that the energy required to evaporate a liquid at a particular temperature is approximately equal to the sum of the energy required to raise its temperature to the boiling point and the latent heat of vaporization (determined at the boiling point).arrow_forward
- Wood conducts heat very poorly—it has a very low conductivity. Does wood still have a low conductivity if it is hot? Could you quickly and safely grasp the wooden handle of a pan from a hot oven with your bare hand? Although the pan handle is hot, is much heat conducted from it to your hand if grasped briefly? Why would it be a poor idea to do the same with an iron handle? Explain.arrow_forward8) Considering the unusual temperature-density relationship of water between 0 °C and 4 °C, how do you expect convection to work in a camping cooler, filled with ice cubes and melted water at approximately 0 °C, and warmer soda cans? Water close to the surface of a soda can heats up to slightly above 0 °C, thus contracts and increases its mass density, and floats downward due to gravity, being replaced by approximately 0 °C water from the top. The slightly warmed water will cool against ice cube surfaces, expand, and float upwards again. Convection always moves a gas or liquid upward, next to a warmer surface, due to gravity. Convection only ever takes place under gravity if you have heating from the top, and cooling from the bottom. Convection only takes place in gases. There is no convection in this scenario.arrow_forwardIs the state of the air in an isolated room completely specified by the temperature and the pressure? Explain.arrow_forward
- Water will boil spontaneously in a vacuum- on the surface of the Moon, for example . Could you cook an egg in this boiling water? Explain.arrow_forwardConstruct Your Own Problem Consider a person outdoors on a cold night. Construct a problem in which you calculate the rate of heat transfer from the person by all three heat transfer methods. Make the initial circumstances such that at rest the person will have a net heat transfer and then decide how much physical activity of a chosen type is necessary to balance the rate of heat transfer. Among the things to consider are the size of the person, type of clothing, initial metabolic rate, sky conditions, amount of water evaporated, and volume of air breathed. Of course, there are many other factors to consider and your instructor may wish to guide you in the assumptions made as well as the detail of analysis and method of presenting your results.arrow_forwardA 250-m-long bridge is improperly designed so that it cannot expand with temperature. It is made of concrete with = 12 106 (C)1. (a) Assuming the maximum change in temperature at the site is expected to be 20C, find the change in length the span would undergo if it were free to expand. (b) Show that the stress on an object with Youngs modulus Y when raised by T with its ends Firmly fixed is given by a Y T. (c) If the maximum stress the bridge can withstand without crumbling is 2.0 107 Pa, will it crumble because of this temperature increase? Youngs modulus for concrete is about 2.0 1010 Pa.arrow_forward
- On a certain dry sunny day, a swimming pool 's temperature would rise by 1.50 if not for evaporation. What fraction of the water must evaporate to carry away precisely enough energy to keep the temperature constant?arrow_forwardHydrothermal vents deep on the ocean floor spout water at temperatures as high as 570C. This temperature is below the boiling point of water because of the immense pressure at that depth. Because the surrounding ocean temperature is at 4.0C, an organism could use the temperature gradient as a source of energy. (a) Assuming the specific heat of water under these conditions is 1.0 cal/g C, how much energy is released when 1.0 L of water is cooled from 570C to 4.0C? (b) What is the maximum usable energy an organism can extract from this energy source? (Assume the organism has some internal type of heat engine acting between the two temperature extremes.) (c) Water from these vents contains hydrogen sulfide (H2S) at a concentration of 0.90 mmole/L. Oxidation of 1.0 mole of H2S produces 310 kJ of energy. How much energy is available through H2S oxidation of 1.0 L of water?arrow_forward
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