Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 14, Problem 13TYU
INTERPRET DATA Develop a simple hypothesis that would explain the behavior of each of the following types of mutants in E. coli.
Mutant a: The map position of this mutation is in the trp operon. The mutant cells are constitutive; that is, they produce all the enzymes coded for by the trp operon, even if large amounts of tryptophan are present in the growth medium. Mutant b: The map position of this mutation is in the trp operon. The mutant cells do not produce any enzymes coded for by the trp operon under any conditions. Mutant c: The map position of this mutation is some distance from the trp operon. The mutant cells are constitutive; that is, they produce all the enzymes coded for by the trp operon, even if the growth medium contains large amounts of tryptophan.
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How does tryptophan regulates its own production?
a. When tryptophan levels are high, it binds to the trp repressor, which changes its shape and binds to the operator sequence in the trp operon.
b. When tryptophan levels are high, it binds to the trp repressor, which changes its shape and binds to the promoter sequence in the trp operon.
c. When tryptophan levels are high, it binds to the trp repressor, which changes its shape and falls off from the operator sequence in the trp operon.
d. When tryptophan levels are high, it binds to the trp repressor, which changes its shape and falls off from the promoter sequence in the trp operon.
Why is it adaptive for a bacterium to not express the genes that encode that lactose utilization proteins when lactose is not available?
a.
Catabolism of lactose in protein transcription needs a lot of energy.
b.
The bacterium opts not to express the genes that encode proteins responsible for breaking down lactose to conserve enzymes.
c.
The bacterium opts not to express the genes that encode proteins responsible for breaking down lactose to conserve energy.
d.
The reason is conservation of energy for the enzyme.
e.
The bacterium opts not to express the genes that encode proteins responsible for breaking down lactose to conserve lactose.
Suppose that E. coli sustains a mutation in its gene for the lac operon repressor making the repressor ineffective . How would this mutation affect the bacterium's ability to catabolize lactose? Would the mutant strain have an advantage over the wild-type strain? Explain your answer.
Chapter 14 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 14.1 - Explain why bacterial and eukaryotic cells have...Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 14.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 14.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 14.2 - Distinguish among inducible, repressible, and...Ch. 14.2 - Differentiate between positive and negative...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 14.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 14.2 - What structural features does the trp operon share...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 3C
Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 4CCh. 14.3 - Prob. 6LOCh. 14.3 - Give examples of some of the ways eukaryotic...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 8LOCh. 14.3 - Prob. 9LOCh. 14.3 - Prob. 10LOCh. 14.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 14.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 14.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 14.3 - Prob. 4CCh. 14.3 - Prob. 5CCh. 14 - The regulation of most bacterial genes occurs at...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 14 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 14 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 14 - Inactive genes tend to be found in (a) highly...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 14 - Which of the following is characteristic of genes...Ch. 14 - Through alternative splicing, eukaryotes (a)...Ch. 14 - A mutation that inactivates the repressor gene of...Ch. 14 - Which of the following is an example of positive...Ch. 14 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 14 - PREDICT Compare the types of bacterial genes...Ch. 14 - INTERPRET DATA Develop a simple hypothesis that...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 14 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 14 - EVOLUTION LINK Suggest why evolution resulted in...Ch. 14 - Prob. 17TYU
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- PREDICT Compare the types of bacterial genes associated with inducible operons, those associated with repressible operons, and those that are constitutive. Predict the category into which each of the following would most likely fit: (a) a gene that codes for RNA polymerase, (b) a gene that codes for an enzyme required to break down maltose, and (c) a gene that codes for an enzyme used in the synthesis of adenine.arrow_forwardSuppose that E. coli sustains a mutation in its gene for the lac operon repressor such that the repressor is ineffective. What effect would this have on the bacterium’s ability to catabolize lactose? Would the mutant strain have an advantage over wild-type cells? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardExplain the process of how the Lactose operon functions in the presence of lactose, glucose, both, and without lactose. Explain the process of how the Tryptophan operon functions in the presence of tryptophan and in the absence of tryptophan. What are the three types of horizontal gene transfer among prokaryotes? How do these three types of horizontal gene transfer work? What are restriction endonucleases, restriction fragments, & explain the general premise behind Recombinant DNA technology. Describe: STR’s, Mitotyping, & SNP’s in relation to DNA profiling What are Transgenic or Genetically Modified Organisms? Provide examples using herbicide tolerance and pest resistance.arrow_forward
- Use the lac operon as an example to describe one way thatbacteria regulate gene expressionarrow_forwardSuppose that the E. coli gene for the lac operon repressor has a mutation that makes the repressor ineffective. What effect would this have on the bacterium’s ability to catabolize lactose? Would the mutant strain have an advantage over wild-type cells? Explain your answerarrow_forwardWhat are the similarities and differences between DNA Polymerase and RNA polymerase? Explain the process of how the Lactose operon functions in the presence of lactose, glucose, both, and without lactose. Explain the process of how the Tryptophan operon functions in the presence of tryptophan and in the absence of tryptophan. What are the three types of horizontal gene transfer among prokaryotes? How do these three types of horizontal gene transfer work? What are restriction endonucleases, restriction fragments, & explain the general premise behind Recombinant DNA technology. Describe: STR’s, Mitotyping, & SNP’s in relation to DNA profiling What are Transgenic or Genetically Modified Organisms? Provide examples using herbicide tolerance and pest resistance.arrow_forward
- What is an operon ? a. A series of genes controlled by the same operator b. A series of genes on the same mRNA molecule c. A series of genes that all have the same function d. A series of genes all regulated by the same repressorarrow_forwarduppose that E. coli sustains a mutation in its gene for the lac operon repressor making the repressor ineffective. How would this mutation affect the bacterium's ability to catabolize lactose? Would the mutant strain have an advantage over the wild-type strain? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardIf β-galactosidase is expressed when lactose is absent, what does this suggest about the lac operon? a) There is a mutation in the repressor protein b) There is a mutation in the catabolite activator protein c) There is a mutation in the promoter region d) There is a mutation in the luxI proteinarrow_forward
- Give the Evidence for the trp Operon ?arrow_forwardCompare the types of bacterial genes associated with inducible operons, those associated with repressible operons, and those that are constitutive. Predict the category into which each of the following would most likely fit: (a) a gene that codes for RNA polymerase, (b) a gene that codes for an enzyme required to break down maltose, and (c) a gene that codes for an enzyme used in the synthesis of adenine.arrow_forwardIn the trp operon, what happens to the trp repressor in the absence of tryptophan? a. It binds to the operator and represses transcription. b. It cannot bind to the operator, and transcription takes place. c. It binds to the regulator gene and represses transcription. d. It cannot bind to the regulator gene, and transcription takes place.arrow_forward
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