Concept explainers
AMP-PNP Again. AMP-PNP (see question 14-5) can be used to study microtubule (MT) motors as well as myosins.
(a) What effects would you predict in a sperm flagellum to which AMP-PNP is added? In your explanation, please be specific about which molecule’s function would be inhibited and what the effect on overall flagellar function would be.
(b) When researchers incubated purified vesicles, axoplasm from squid giant axons, and MTs in the presence of AMP-PNP, the vesicles bound tightly to the microtubules and did not move. This observation suggested that AMP-PNP causes the formation of rigor complexes consisting of vesicles, microtubules, and microtubule motor proteins. To identify the putative motor, scientists then used AMP-PNP as a tool to cause the motor and MTs to bind tightly together. Then they collected MTs with bound proteins by centrifugation. The main protein purified in this way promotes movement of vesicles away from the cell body, where the nucleus resides. What was this protein?
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