All of the following characterize the ANS except (a) a two-neuron efferent chain, (b) presence of neuron cell bodies in the CNS, (c) presence of neuron cell bodies in the ganglia, (d) innervations of skeletal muscles.
To determine:
All of the following characterize the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) except
a two-neuron efferent chain,
presence of neuron cell bodies in the CNS,
presence of neuron cell bodies in the ganglia,
innervation of skeletal muscles.
Answer to Problem 1MC
Correct answer:
(d) Innervation of skeletal muscles
Explanation for the correct answer:
Option (d) is given as innervations of skeletal muscles. The ANS (autonomic nervous system) is classified as a portion of the PNS (peripheral nervous system) that provides smooth muscles and glands and influences the activity of the internal organs. It is a unique system that needs a sequential two-neuron efferent pathway. It consists of cell bodies and these bodies have neurons in the CNS (central nervous system) and ganglia. Hence, option (d) is the correct option.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation for the incorrect answers:
Option (a) is given as a two-neuron efferent chain. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is unique as it requires a sequential two-neuron efferent pathway; the preganglionic neuron must first cross a synapse onto a postganglionic neuron before innervating the target organ. Hence, option (a) is an incorrect option.
Option (b) is given as a presence of neuron cell bodies in the CNS. Neuron cell bodies are a junction between autonomic nerves originating from the central nervous system and autonomic nerves innervating their target organs in the periphery. Hence, option (b) is an incorrect option.
Option (c) is given as a presence of neuron cell bodies in the ganglia. In ganglia, cell bodies of afferent nerves (input nerve fibers) and efferent nerves (output/motor nerve fibers), or axons are present. Ganglia is located in the autonomic nervous system and sensory system. Hence, option (c) is an incorrect option.
ANS is characterized by a two-neuron efferent chain, presence of neuron cell bodies in the CNS and the ganglia.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 14 Solutions
MasteringA&P with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Anatomy & Physiology
- Why are ganglia and nerves not surrounded byprotective structures like the meninges of the CNS?arrow_forwardConcerning volition of theindividual how can thereactions of the nervoussystem be classified?arrow_forwardDescribe the basic differences between the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the ANSarrow_forward
- Which of the following describes the disinhibition in the direct pathway of the basal ganglia? Question 6 options: A) Subthalamic nucleus inhibits internal segment of the globus pallidus which disinhibits substantia nigra B) Substantia nigra inhibits striatum which disinhibits the subthalamic nucleus C) Striatum inhibits internal segment of the globus pallidus which disinhibits thalamus D) Striatum inhibits external segment of the globus pallidus which disinhibits thalamusarrow_forwardSince all APs generated by a given nerve fiber have the same magnitude, how does the CNS “know” whether a stimulus is strong or weak?arrow_forwardMatch each region of the central nervous system with some of its functions.arrow_forward
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168130Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark WomblePublisher:OpenStax College
- Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning