Over 30 children younger than three years of age developed gastroenteritis after visiting a local water park. These cases represented 44% of the park visitors in this age group on the day in question. No older individuals were affected. The causative agent was determined to be a member of the bacterial genus Shigella. The disease resulted from oral transmission to the children. Based only on the information given, can you classify this outbreak as an epidemic? Why or why not? If you were an epidemiologist, how would you go about determining which pools in the water park were contaminated? What factors might account for the fact that no older children or adults developed disease? What steps could the park operators take to reduce the chance of future outbreaks of gastroenteritis?
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 14 Solutions
Mastering Microbiology with Pearson eText -- Standalone Access Card -- for Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (5th Edition)
- Which of the following statements reflects the pathogenesis of influenza virus? A-The virus frequently establishes persistent infections in the lung B-Viremia is common C-The virus enters the host in airborne droplets D-Viral infection does not kill cells in the respiratory tract E-Pneumonia is not associated with secondary bacterial infectionsarrow_forwardFor each of the following situations, identify classification of disease it reflects: A. EpidemicB. SporadicC. EpizooticD. PandemicE. Endemic 7. 22 cases of Legionellosis occurred within 3 weeks among residents of a particular neighborhood(usually 0 to 1 per year)8. The average annual incidence of Community Acquired Pneumonia is 134 cases per 100,000population since 2011.9. The common cold is described to be commonly present in Baguio City10. Single case of Histoplasmosis was diagnosed in a community11. About 60 cases of gonorrhea are usually reported in City A per week, slightly less than the nationalaverage12. Over 20 million people worldwide died from influenza in 1918 – 191913. Over 44 out of the 80 provinces in the Philippines have a usual prevalence of Lymphatic Filariasis14. The recent flash flood was pinpointed as the cause of the rising cases of anxiety among residentsaging 30-50 years old, whether male or female15. A case of Capillariasis (usually endemic in locations near…arrow_forwardMatch the following terms with their respective definition: _____1. Carrier a. Insects that transmit infection _____2. Fomite b. Presence of bacteria in the blood _____3. Vector c. Person harboring the organism without signs and symptoms of the disease _____4. Vehicle d. Hospital-acquired infection _____5. Septicemia e. Infection confined to a limited area _____6. Fulminant infection f. Inanimate object which can carry microorganisms _____7. Nosocomial infection g. Multiplying bacteria in the bloodstream _____8. Local infection h. Biological substances that can carry organism _____9. Bacteremia i. Presence of toxin in the bloodstream _____10. Toxemia j. Infection that always leads to death.arrow_forward
- Among hospital patients who have infections, one-third did not enter the hospital with the infection but rather acquired it in the hospital. How do they acquire these infections? What is the method of transmission of these infections? What is the reservoir of infectionarrow_forwardAll of the following are true of Lyme disease excepta) it is caused by a spirochete.b) it is transmitted by certain species of ticks.c) it occurs only in the region around Lyme, Connecticut.d) most cases get a rash that looks like a target.e) it can cause heart and nervous system damage.arrow_forwardStudents in our classes sometimes ask how it is possible for a singleenteric carrier to infect 1,000 people at a buffet or for a box turtle toexpose someone to food infection. We always suggest that they usetheir imagination. Provide a detailed course of events that would leadto these types of outbreaks.arrow_forward
- Please explain in detail Question #1: What is nosocomial infection? Question #2: What is fomite?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is false?a) A botulism epidemic that results from improperly canned green beans is an example of a common-source outbreak.b) Droplet nuclei fall quickly to the ground.c) Congenital syphilis is an example of a disease acquired through vertical transmission.d) Plague is endemic in the rock squirrel population in parts of the United States.e) The first case in an outbreak is called the index case.arrow_forwardWhy is it important for healthcare professionals in the United States maintaining current knowledge of diseases and/or outbreaks affecting other countries.arrow_forward
- Microbiology for Surgical Technologists (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781111306663Author:Margaret Rodriguez, Paul PricePublisher:Cengage LearningComprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative a...NursingISBN:9781305964792Author:Wilburta Q. Lindh, Carol D. Tamparo, Barbara M. Dahl, Julie Morris, Cindy CorreaPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Case Studies In Health Information ManagementBiologyISBN:9781337676908Author:SCHNERINGPublisher:CengageBasic Clinical Lab Competencies for Respiratory C...NursingISBN:9781285244662Author:WhitePublisher:Cengage