BIOLOGY:THE ESSENTIALS (LL) W/CONNECT
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781260670929
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
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Textbook Question
Chapter 14, Problem 7WIO
Examine the cladogram in figure 14.17 and answer the following questions:
| a. | Which taxon is most closely related to birds? |
| b. | Are lizards more closely related to crocodiles or turtles? |
| c. | Which taxon is ancestral to all the others? |
| d. | Redraw the tree so that birds are next to mammals without changing the evolutionary relationships among any of the taxa |
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Students have asked these similar questions
A. Which two alien species are likely to be the most related? Why?
B. Which two alien species are likely the least related? Why?
C. In this cladogram, how many times have lineages diverged?
D. On your cladogram, circle the most recent common ancestor of the pingests and persnippys.
Assuming chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
and humans (Homo sapiens) are more
closely related to each other than either is to
gorillas (Gorilla gorilla), which of the
following cladograms is correct?
a. B
b. A
c. neither is correct
d. both are correct
From the given cladogram, answer the ff:
a. Which character evolved first: keratinized skin or bipedalism? Explain.b. On the cladogram, circle the node that represents the most recent common ancestor of dinosaurs and birds.c. True or False: Turtles, lizards, snakes, crocodiles, and dinosaurs form a clade. Explain.
Chapter 14 Solutions
BIOLOGY:THE ESSENTIALS (LL) W/CONNECT
Ch. 14.1 - How are macroevolution and microevolution related?Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 14.1 - What are some of the challenges in defining...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 1MCCh. 14.2 - Write a real or fictitious example other than...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 1MCCh. 14.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 14.3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 1MCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 2MC
Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 14.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 14.5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 14.6 - Describe the taxonomic hierarchy.Ch. 14.6 - What are the strengths of a cladistics approach...Ch. 14.6 - Distinguish between ancestral and derived...Ch. 14 - Macroevolution is distinct from microevolution in...Ch. 14 - The biological species concept defines species...Ch. 14 - A mule is the offspring of a male donkey and a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 14 - How has the meaning of the term species changed...Ch. 14 - What type of reproductive barrier applies to each...Ch. 14 - Prob. 3WIOCh. 14 - Polyploidy is a common mechanism of speciation in...Ch. 14 - How does natural selection predict a gradualistic...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6WIOCh. 14 - Examine the cladogram in figure 14.17 and answer...Ch. 14 - Prob. 8WIOCh. 14 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 14 - Prob. 1SLCh. 14 - Prob. 1PITCh. 14 - Prob. 2PITCh. 14 - Prob. 3PIT
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- What is the difference between a phylogenetic tree and a cladogram?What the difference between “homologous traits” and “analogous traits”?arrow_forwardWhat do scientists use to apply cladistics? a. homologous traits b. homoplasies c. analogous traits d. monophyletic groupsarrow_forwarda) Draw a phylogenetic tree based on characters 1-5 in the table below. Place hatch marks on the tree to indicate the origin of characters 1-6. b) Assume that tuna and dolphins are sister species and redraw the phylogenetic tree accordingly. Use hatch marks to indicate the origin of characters 1-6. c) How many evolutionary changes are required in each tree? Which tree is most parsimonious? Use figure 20.5 and 20.12 from the Campbell, Biology in focus. Can you pls explain this to me?arrow_forward
- To apply parsimony to constructing a phylogenetic tree, (A) choose the tree that assumes all evolutionary changes are equally probable. (B) choose the tree in which the branch points are based on as many shared derived characters as possible. (C) choose the tree that represents the fewest evolutionary changes,in either DNA sequences or morphology. (D) choose the tree with the fewest branch points.arrow_forwardWhich statement portrays the concept of ontogeny in phylogenetics? option a.) scientist gathers physiological traits and genetic data about a group of endemic monkeys. option b.) Both chick and human embryos go through a stage where they have slits and arches in their necks that are identical to the gill slits and arches of fish. option c.) The progression of morphological forms observed in fossil record is consistent with inferences about the major branches of descent in the tree of life. option d.) Crocodiles have amniotic eggs while rodents and rabbits don't have.arrow_forwardWhat kind of trait is important to cladistics? a. shared derived traits b. shared ancestral traits c. analogous traits d. parsimonious traitsarrow_forward
- FROM THE GIVEN CLADOGRAM ANSWER THE FOLLLOWING: a.True or False: Crocodiles, dinosaurs, and birds form a clade. Explain.b. Which taxon are dinosaurs more closely related to, crocodiles or birds? Explain.arrow_forwardWhen evaluating multiple cladograms, what is the name of the principle used to decide which cladogram most likely shows the correct evolutionary relationships? Group of answer choices a. principle of parsimony b. principle of persimmons c. principle of parsley d. principle of paisley e. principle of Penelope f. principle of pineapplearrow_forwardDolphins and fish have similar body shapes. Is this feature more likely a homologous or analogous trait? Why is it so important for scientists to distinguish between homologous and analogous characteristics before building phylogenetic trees?arrow_forward
- On the cladogram, circle the node that represents the most recent common ancestor of DINOSAURS and BIRDS.arrow_forwardWhat is a Homology? A) When an anatomic feature is shared among organisms and their descendants B) When two organisms appear the same C) When convergent evolution produces similar phenotypesarrow_forwardIf you wanted to study the phylogenetic relationships of birds and lizards (from the same table displayed in the question above), which species would be the best outgroup to choose and why?arrow_forward
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