Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259709227
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor, Heidi Smith
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Question
Chapter 14, Problem 8Q
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The reason as to why inducing plasma cells to secrete IgG instead of IgE prevents type I hypersensitivity.
Concept introduction:
Hypersensitivity is also referred to as intolerance. It refers to the undesirable reactions that are produced by the immune system. There are four types of hypersensitivities; type I (immediate), type II (antibody-dependent, cytotoxic), type III (immune complex disease), and type IV (delayed type).
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Describe the reason as to why inducing plasma cells to secrete IgG instead of IgE prevents type | hypersensitivity.
Immature B-cells express only IgM on its membrane, and if it encounters antigen the IgM will be stripped off and the cell will stimulated to undergo apoptosis. A mature B-cell expresses IgM and IgD on its membrane. What mechanism allows these cells to express and secrete IgE antibodies in type I hypersensitivity reactions? Explain this mechanism.
In general, what are consequences of activation of the TH1 arm of the immune response? Activation of the TH2 arm?
Chapter 14 Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Ch. 14.1 - Define immunopathology, and identify the two major...Ch. 14.1 - Identify the four major categories of...Ch. 14.2 - Summarize genetic and environmental factors that...Ch. 14.2 - Identify three conditions caused by IgE-mediated...Ch. 14.2 - Identify the two clinical forms of anaphylaxis,...Ch. 14.2 - List the three main ways to prevent or...Ch. 14.2 - NCLEX PREP 1. During a visit to his physician, a...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 2NPCh. 14.3 - List the three immune components causing cell...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 8AYP
Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 9AYPCh. 14.4 - Medical Moment Patch Testing Patch testing is an...Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 10AYPCh. 14.5 - List four classes of grafts, and explain how host...Ch. 14.5 - NCLEX PREP 3. A patient receives a kidney...Ch. 14.6 - List at least three autoimmune diseases and the...Ch. 14.7 - Distinguish between primary and secondary...Ch. 14.7 - Medical Moment Hand Washing The importance of hand...Ch. 14.7 - Prob. 4NPCh. 14 - Allergy and atopy might have evolved in human...Ch. 14 - Can you think of a reason why humans have evolved...Ch. 14 - Prob. 3QCh. 14 - Prob. 4QCh. 14 - What feature of antibodies makes them particularly...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6QCh. 14 - Prob. 7QCh. 14 - Prob. 8QCh. 14 - Epi-pens are devices used to instantly inject a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 10QCh. 14 - Steroids administered to stop an allergic response...Ch. 14 - A very small number of people have a condition...Ch. 14 - Prob. 13QCh. 14 - Prob. 14QCh. 14 - Recent research shows that asthmatic patients have...Ch. 14 - Which statement is true of autoimmunity? a. It...Ch. 14 - It is often said that the normal microbiota of a...Ch. 14 - Investigate the link between Streptococcus...Ch. 14 - Which disease would be most similar to AIDS in its...Ch. 14 - Do you think people with B-cell deficiencies can...Ch. 14 - The chapter tells us that the gut microbiome of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 1VC
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Similar questions
- What is the difference between innate immunity and adaptive immunity?arrow_forwardWrite the main components of type 3 hypersensitivity reaction. Why phagocytic cells cannot phagocytize the formed complexes? And why are tissues damaged during the reaction?arrow_forwardWhat is the function of the Fc portion of antibodies? List an example. How can phagocytic cells phagocytose foreign cells and damaged self cells, but not healthy self cells?arrow_forward
- Describe the process of desensitization that reduces the IgE response to an allergen.arrow_forwardallergic asthma is an example of type 1 hypersensitivity, what are the major characteristics of this type of hypersensitivity reaction?arrow_forwardMany cells in the human body have proteins on the surface that are able to interact with the receptors of helper T cells. Explain the mechanisms and why it is that such an interaction or signal does not usually result in an autoimmune reaction?arrow_forward
- List two potentially life-threatening consequences of a Type I hypersensitivity reaction and explain what molecules are involved and how they work.arrow_forwardOpsonization of pathogens by both antibodies and complement proteins (C3b) leads to uptake and destruction of the pathogen by phagocytic cells that express both Fc receptors and complement receptors. Which of the following in the figure below is the most efficient form of dual opsonization of the pathogen by antibody and C3b to maximize phagocytosis?arrow_forwardDescribe the reason that it is useful that antibodies have two antigen binding arms.arrow_forward
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