To describe: The three stages of CRISPR/Cas response to viral infection.
Introduction: Microbial cells have various systems to fight against viral infections. The examples of such defensive systems include restriction-modification (innate system) and CRISPR/Cas system (adaptive immune system). The genetic elements of the invading virus are used as a memory by the CRISPR/Cas system to prepare for a possible future attack.
To explain: The role of quorum sensing in the CRISPR/Cas system.
Introduction: Quorum sensing is a mechanism for gene regulation in bacteria. This mechanism is dependent upon the population density and the signal molecules. This mechanism was first observed by a microbiologist Alexander Tomasz in the mid-1960s.
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Chapter 14 Solutions
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