Chemistry, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Chemistry with eText -- Access Card Package (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780133900811
Author: John E. McMurry, Robert C. Fay, Jill Kirsten Robinson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 15, Problem 15.86SP
A vitamin C tablet containing 250 mg of ascorbic acid (
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What is the pH of a solution that has an H+ concentration of (a) 1.75 × 10 –5 mol/L; (b) 6.50 × 10 –10 mol/L; (c) 1.0 × 10 –4 mol/L; (d) 1.50 × 10 –5 mol/L?
Lactic acid, HC3H5O3, is a weak acid; write an equation for its ionization in aqueous solution. If 0.15 M solution of lactic acid has pH = 2.34, calculate the molar concentration of H3O+in the solution. What are the Ka of lactic acid and the degree of ionization of the acid?
Propionic acid, HC3H5O2, has Ka= 1.34 x 10–5.
(a) What is the molar concentration of H3O+ in 0.15 M HC3H5O2 and the pH of the solution?
(b) What is the Kb value for the propionate ion, C3H5O2–?
(c) Calculate the pH of 0.15 M solution of sodium propionate, NaC3H5O2.
(d) Calculate the pH of solution that contains 0.12 M HC3H5O2 and 0.25 M NaC3H5O2.
Chapter 15 Solutions
Chemistry, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Chemistry with eText -- Access Card Package (7th Edition)
Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.1PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.2ACh. 15 - Conceptual PRACTICE 15.3 For the following...Ch. 15 - Conceptual APPLY 15.4 For the following reactions...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.5PCh. 15 - Conceptual APPLY 15.6 The following pictures...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.7PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.8ACh. 15 - PRACTICE 15.9 The concentration of H3O+ ions in...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.10A
Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.11PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.12ACh. 15 - Prob. 15.13PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.14ACh. 15 - Prob. 15.15PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.16ACh. 15 - Prob. 15.17PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.18ACh. 15 - Prob. 15.19PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.20ACh. 15 - Prob. 15.21PCh. 15 - APPLY 15.22 Carbonated drinks are prepared by...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.23PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.24ACh. 15 - Prob. 15.25PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.26ACh. 15 - Prob. 15.27PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.28ACh. 15 - Prob. 15.29PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.30ACh. 15 - Prob. 15.31PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.32PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.33PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.34PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.35PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.36CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.37CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.38CPCh. 15 - 15.39 Which of the following pictures best...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.40CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.41CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.42CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.43CPCh. 15 - Boric acid ( H3BO3 ) is a weakmonoprotic acid that...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.45CPCh. 15 - Which of the following are Brønsted-Lowry bases...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.47SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.48SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.49SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.50SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.51SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.52SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.53SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.54SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.55SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.56SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.57SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.58SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.59SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.60SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.61SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.62SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.63SPCh. 15 - The concentration of OH in a sample of seawater is...Ch. 15 - The concentration of OH in human blood is 2.24X107...Ch. 15 - For each of the following solutions, calculate [...Ch. 15 - For each of the following solutions, calculate [...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.68SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.69SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.70SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.71SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.72SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.73SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.74SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.75SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.76SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.77SPCh. 15 - 15.78 Calculate the pH of solutions prepared...Ch. 15 -
15.79 Calculate the pH of solutions prepared...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.80SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.81SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.82SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.83SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.84SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.85SPCh. 15 - A vitamin C tablet containing 250 mg of ascorbic...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.87SPCh. 15 - Acrylic acid ( HC3H3O2) is used in the manufacture...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.89SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.90SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.91SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.92SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.93SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.94SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.95SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.96SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.97SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.98SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.99SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.100SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.101SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.102SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.103SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.104SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.105SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.106SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.107SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.108SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.109SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.110SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.111SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.112SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.113SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.114SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.115SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.116SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.117SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.118SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.119SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.120SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.121SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.122SPCh. 15 - For each of the Lewis acid—base reactions in...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.124SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.125SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.126CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.127CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.128CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.129CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.130CPCh. 15 - Use the conjugate acid-base pair HCN and CN to...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.132CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.133CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.134CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.135CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.136CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.137CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.138CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.139CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.140CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.141CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.142CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.143CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.144CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.145CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.146CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.147CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.148CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.149CPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.150MPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.151MPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.152MPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.153MPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.154MPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.155MPCh. 15 - A 1.000 L sample of HF gas at 20.0°C and 0.601 atm...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.157MPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.158MP
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- For conjugate acidbase pairs, how are Ka and Kb related? Consider the reaction of acetic acid in water CH3CO2H(aq)+H2O(l)CH3CO2(aq)+H3O+(aq) where Ka = 1.8 105 a. Which two bases are competing for the proton? b. Which is the stronger base? c. In light of your answer to part b. why do we classify the acetate ion (CH3CO2) as a weak base? Use an appropriate reaction to justify your answer. In general, as base strength increases, conjugate acid strength decreases. Explain why the conjugate acid of the weak base NH3 is a weak acid. To summarize, the conjugate base of a weak acid is a weak base and the conjugate acid of a weak base is a weak acid (weak gives you weak). Assuming Ka for a monoprotic strong acid is 1 106, calculate Kb for the conjugate base of this strong acid. Why do conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties in water? List the conjugate bases of the six common strong acids. To tie it all together, some instructors have students think of Li+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ as the conjugate acids of the strong bases LiOH, KOH. RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, and Ba(OH)2. Although not technically correct, the conjugate acid strength of these cations is similar to the conjugate base strength of the strong acids. That is, these cations have no acidic properties in water; similarly, the conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties (strong gives you worthless). Fill in the blanks with the correct response. The conjugate base of a weak acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a weak base is a_____acid. The conjugate base of a strong acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a strong base is a_____ acid. (Hint: Weak gives you weak and strong gives you worthless.)arrow_forwardWhat is the freezing point of vinegar, which is an aqueous solution of 5.00% acetic acid, HC2H3O2, by mass (d=1.006g/cm3)?arrow_forwardLactic acid, C3H6O3, occurs in sour milk as a result of the metabolism of certain bacteria. Calculate the pH of a solution of 56. mg lactic acid in 250. mL water. Ka for D-lactic acid is 1.5 × 10−4.arrow_forward
- The pH of a 0.10-M solution of propanoic acid, CH3CH2COOH, a weak organic acid, is measured at equilibrium and found to be 2.93 at 25 °C. Calculate the Ka of propanoic acid.arrow_forwardAcrylic acid is used in the polymer industry in the production of acrylates. Its K, is 5.6 X 10“’. What is the pH of a 0.11 M solution of acrylic acid, CH2CHCOOH?arrow_forwardA chemist wanted to determine the concentration of a solution of lactic acid, HC3H5O3. She found that the pH of the solution was 2.60. What was the concentration of the solution? The Kd of lactic acid is 1.4 104.arrow_forward
- Write the chemical equation and the expression for the equilibrium constant, and calculate Kb for the reaction of each of the following ions as a base. (a) sulfate ion (b) citrate ionarrow_forwardWeak base B has a pKb of 6.78 and weak acid HA has a pKa of 5.12. a Which is the stronger base, B or A? b Which is the stronger acid, HA or BH+? c Consider the following reaction: B(aq)+HA(aq)BH+(aq)+A(aq) Based on the information about the acid/base strengths for the species in this reaction, is this reaction favored to proceed more to the right or more to the left? Why? d An aqueous solution is made in which the concentration of weak base B is one half the concentration of its acidic salt, BHCl, where BH+ is the conjugate weak add of B. Calculate the pH of the solution. e An aqueous solution is made in which the concentration of weak acid HA twice the concentration of the sodium salt of the weak acid, NaA. Calculate the pH of the solution. f Assume the conjugate pairs B/BH+ and HA/A are capable of being used as color-based end point indicators in acidbase titrations, where B is the base form indicator and BH is the acid form indicator, and HA is the acid form indicator and A is the base form indicator. Select the indicator pair that would be best to use in each of the following titrations: (1) Titration of a strong acid with a strong base. (i) B/BH+ (ii) HA/A (2) Titration of a weak base with a strong acid. (i) B/BH+ (ii) HA/Aarrow_forwardMost naturally occurring acids are weak acids. Lactic acid is one example. CH3CH(OH)CO2H(s)+H2O(l)H3O+(aq)+CH3CH(OH)CO2(aq) If you place some lactic acid in water, it will ionize to a small extent, and an equilibrium will be established. Suggest some experiments to prow that this is a weak acid and that the establishment of equilibrium is a reversible process.arrow_forward
- Find the value of Kb for the conjugate base of the following organic acids. (a) picric acid used in the manufacture of explosives; Ka = 0.16 (b) trichloroacetic acid used in the treatment of warts; Ka = 0.20arrow_forwardComplete each of these reactions by filling in the blanks. Predict whether each reaction is product-favored or reactant-favored, and explain your reasoning. (a) _________ (aq) + Br(aq) NH3(aq) + HBr(aq) (b) CH3COOH(aq) + CN(aq) ________ (aq) + HCN(aq) (c) ________ (aq)+H2O () NH3(aq) + OH(aq)arrow_forwardPredict whether aqueous solutions of the following substances are acidic, basic, or neutral and write hydrolysis equations for the acidic and basic solutions. (a) CsBr; (b) Al(NO3)3; (c) KCN; (d) CH3NH3Clarrow_forward
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