To review:
The sources of substrate for biosynthesis and the types of pathways that form these substrates.
Introduction:
Biosynthesis is a multistep process that is catalyzed by enzymes where substrates in a living organism are converted into more complex products. In this process, simple compounds get modified or transform into another compound or bound together to form macromolecules. It helps in building a carbon skeleton by reversing pathways such as TCA (Tricarboxylic acid cycle) which then incorporates nitrogen from amino acids.
Explanation of Solution
Microbes obtain an organic substrate such as acetyl CoA from minerals like carbonate and nitrate for biosynthesis. Biosynthesis requires nitrogen, oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and other essential elements. Carbon is procured by affixing CO2 (carbon dioxide) or by acquiring other organic molecules. Biosynthesis generally reduces substrates through hydrogenation and oxygen removal. Cell components like amino acids and lipids are reduced more than substrates like acetate and CO2.
Biosynthesis often requires
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Microbiology: The Human Experience
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning