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BIO Cooling a hot child A 30-kg child has a temperature of
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Pearson eText for College Physics: Explore and Apply -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
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- . A 1,200-kg car going 25 m/s is brought to a stop using its brakes. Let's assume that a total of approximately 20 kg of iron in the brakes and wheels absorbs the heat produced by the friction. (a) What was the car's original kinetic energy? (b) After the ear has stopped, what is the change in temperature of the brakes and wheels?arrow_forwardA person inhales and exhales 2.00 L of 37.0C air, evaporating 4.00102g of water from the lungs and breathing passages with each breath. (a) How much heat transfer occurs due to evaporation in each breath? (b) What is the rate of heat transfer in watts if the person is breathing at a moderate rate of 18.0 breaths per minute? (c) If the inhaled air had a temperature of 20.0C, what is the rate of heat transfer for warming the air? (d) Discuss the total rate of heat transfer as it relates to typical metabolic rates. Will this breathing be a major form of heat transfer for this person?arrow_forwardA bag containing 0C ice is much more effective in absorbing energy than one containing the same amount at 0C water. a. How much heat transfer is necessary to raise the temperature of 0.800 kg of water from 0C to 30.0C ? b. How much heat transfer is required to first melt 0.800 kg of 0C ice and then raise its temperature? c. Explain how your answer supports the contention that the ice is more effective.arrow_forward
- Unreasonable Results (a) An automobile mechanic claims that an aluminum rod fits loosely into its hole on an aluminum engine block because the engine is hot and the rod is cold. If 1he hole is 10.0% bigger in diameter than the 22.0C rod, at what temperature will the rod be the same size as the hole? (b) What is unreasonable about this temperature? (2) Which premise is responsible?arrow_forwardA 3.00-g lead bullet at 30.0C is fired at a speed of 2.40 102 m/s into a large, fixed block of ice at 0C, in which it becomes embedded. (a) Describe the energy transformations that occur as the bullet is cooled. What is the final temperature of the bullet? (b) What quantity of ice melts?arrow_forwardThe Sun radiates energy at the rate of 3.801026W from its 5500C surface into dark empty space (a negligible fraction radiates onto Earth and the other planets). The effective temperature of deep space is 270C. (a) What is the increase in entropy in one day due to this heat transfer? (b) How much work is made unavailable?arrow_forward
- One method at getting a tight fit, say of a metal peg in a hole in a metal block, is to manufacture the peg slightly larger than the hole. The peg is then inserted when at a different temperature than the block. Should the block he hotter or colder than the peg during insertion? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardThermography is a technique for measuring radiant heat and detecting variations in surface temperatures that may be medically, environmentally, or militarily meaningful.(a) What is the percent increase in the rate of heat transfer by radiation from a given area at a temperature of 34.0C compared with that at 33.0C, such as on a person’s skin? (b) What is the percent increase in the rate of heat transfer by radiation from a given area at a temperature of 34.0C compared with that at 20.0C, such as for warm and cool automobile hoods? Figure 14.35 Artist’s rendition of a thermograph of a patient’s upper body, showing the distribution of heat represented by different colors.arrow_forwardAssume you are measuring the specific heat of a sample of originally hot metal by using a calorimeter containing water. Because your calorimeter is not perfectly insulating, energy can transfer by heat between the contents of the calorimeter and the room. To obtain the most accurate result for the specific heat of the metal, you should use water with which initial temperature? (a) slightly lower than room temperature (b) the same as room temperature (c) slightly higher than room temperature (d) whatever you like because the initial temperature makes no differencearrow_forward
- (a) How much heat transfer is required to raise the temperature of a 0.750kg aluminum pot containing 2.50 kg of water from 30.0C to the boiling point and then boil away 0.750 kg of water? (b) How long does this take if the rate of heat transfer is 500 W 1watt=ljoule/second(lW=lJ/s) ?arrow_forwardIn some countries, liquid nitrogen is used on dairy trucks instead of mechanical refrigerators. A 3.00-hour delivery trip requires 200 L of liquid nitrogen, which has a density at 808kg/m3. (a) Calculate the heat transfer necessary to evaporate this amount of liquid nitrogen and raise its temperature to 300C. (Use cp and assume it is constant over the temperature range.) This value is the amount of cooling the liquid nitrogen supplies. (b) What is this heat transfer rate in kilowatthours? (c) Compare the amount of cooling obtained from melting an identical mass at 0C ice with that from evaporating the liquid nitrogen.arrow_forward(a) A shirtless rider under a circus tent feels the heat radiating from the sunlit portion of the tent. Calculate the temperature of the tent canvas based on the following information: The shirtless rider’s skin temperature is 34.0C and has an emissivity of 0.970. The exposed area of skin is 0.400m2. He receives radiation at the rate of 20.0 W—half what you would calculate if the entire region behind him was hot. The rest of the surroundings are at 34.0C. (b) Discuss how this situation would change if the sun lit side of the tent was nearly pure white and if the rider was covered by a white tunic.arrow_forward
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