Chapter 15, Problem 30P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Chirality center of the ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-\text{CO}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule, should be labeled and identified.

Concept Introduction:

Chirality is the presence of an asymmetric carbon center in a molecule and a molecule which contains a chiral center cannot superimpose on its mirror image.

  

In the above diagram, where C is the chiral center/ asymmetric carbon center.

A, B, D, E are four different functional groups.

Answer to Problem 30P

In ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{-CO-CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule there are no chiral centers present.

Explanation of Solution

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ groups and ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}$ groups should be omitted since those atoms contain more than one H atom bonded to the same C atom. Furthermore, C atom which bonded to an oxygen atom with a double bond is also not a chiral center. Therefore, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{-CO-CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule does not contain any chiral centers.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Chirality center of the ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{-CO-CHCH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{-CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{-CH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule, should be labeled and identified.

Concept Introduction:

Chirality is the presence of an asymmetric carbon center in a molecule and a molecule which contains a chiral center cannot superimpose on its mirror image.

  

In the above diagram, where C is the chiral center/ asymmetric carbon center.

A, B, D, E are four different functional groups.

Answer to Problem 30P

The compound ${\text{CH}}_3-\text{CO}-{\text{CHCH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ contains only one chiral center. Refer to the below labeled diagram.

  

Explanation of Solution

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ groups and ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}$ groups should be omitted since those atoms contain more than one H atom bonded to the same C atom. C atom which bonded to an oxygen atom with a double bond is also not a chiral center.C atom which bonded to one H-, one ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{-CO-}$ ,one ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-$ and ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{-CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{-}$ is the chiral center present in the ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{-CO-CHCH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{-CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{-CH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule.

The chiral center is represented as follows:

  

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Chirality center of the given molecule, should be labeled and identified.

  

Concept Introduction:

Chirality is the presence of an asymmetric carbon center in a molecule and a molecule which contains a chiral center cannot superimpose on its mirror image.

  

In the above diagram, where C is the chiral center/ asymmetric carbon center.

A, B, D, E are four different functional groups.

Answer to Problem 30P

Inmolecule there are no chiral centers present.

Explanation of Solution

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ groups and ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}$ groups should be omitted since those atoms contain more than one H atom bonded to the same C atom. The ring carbon bonded to the methyl group. The ring atoms and bonds on both sides have the same distance from the chiral carbon, which is labeled as C1 in the below diagram, and continue until a point of difference is reached. Therefore, there is no difference on either side. Two identical groups on C1 is circled in green color in the below mentioned diagram. Hence C1 is not a chiral center.

  

Therefore, molecule does not contain any chiral centers.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Chirality center of the given molecule, should be labeled and identified.

  

Concept Introduction:

Chirality is the presence of an asymmetric carbon center in a molecule and a molecule which contains a chiral center cannot superimpose on its mirror image.

  

In the above diagram, where C is the chiral center/ asymmetric carbon center.

A, B, D, E are four different functional groups.

Answer to Problem 30P

Inmolecule there is only one chiral center is present. Refer the below mentioned diagram.

  

Explanation of Solution

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ groups and ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}$ groups should be omitted since those atoms contain more than one H atom bonded to the same C atom.

C atom which bonded toone ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-$ , one $\text{OH}-$ , One $\text{H}-$ , one ring group is the chiral center present in the molecule.