Practical steam engines utilize 45 0 ° C steam, which is later exhausted at 27 0 ° C . (a) What is the maximum eficiency that such a heat engine can have? (b) Since 27 0 ° C steam is still quite hot, at second steam engine is sometimes operated using the exhaust of the first. What is the maximum eficiency of the second engine if its exhaust has a temperature of 15 0 ° C ? (c) What is the overall eficiency of the two engines? (d) Show that this is the same eficiency as a single Carnot engine operating between 45 0 ° C and 15 0 ° C . Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategies for Thermodynamics .
Practical steam engines utilize 45 0 ° C steam, which is later exhausted at 27 0 ° C . (a) What is the maximum eficiency that such a heat engine can have? (b) Since 27 0 ° C steam is still quite hot, at second steam engine is sometimes operated using the exhaust of the first. What is the maximum eficiency of the second engine if its exhaust has a temperature of 15 0 ° C ? (c) What is the overall eficiency of the two engines? (d) Show that this is the same eficiency as a single Carnot engine operating between 45 0 ° C and 15 0 ° C . Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategies for Thermodynamics .
Practical steam engines utilize
45
0
°
C
steam, which is later exhausted at
27
0
°
C
. (a) What is the maximum eficiency that such a heat engine can have? (b) Since
27
0
°
C
steam is still quite hot, at second steam engine is sometimes operated using the exhaust of the first. What is the maximum eficiency of the second engine if its exhaust has a temperature of
15
0
°
C
? (c) What is the overall eficiency of the two engines? (d) Show that this is the same eficiency as a single Carnot engine operating between
45
0
°
C
and
15
0
°
C
. Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategies for Thermodynamics.
Science that deals with the amount of energy transferred from one equilibrium state to another equilibrium state.
1. (a) How much heat transfer occurs to the environment by an electrical power station that uses
1.25-1014 J of heat transfer into the engine with an efficiency of 41%?
|QC| =
(b) What is the ratio of heat transfer to the environment to work output?
lQd
W
(c) How much work is done?
W=
1. (a) How much heat transfer occurs to the environment by an electrical power station that uses
1.25 1014 J of heat transfer into the engine with an efficiency of 44%?
|QC| =
(b) What is the ratio of heat transfer to the environment to work output?
|Qc
W
=
(c) How much work is done?
W=
L
(a) What is the best coefficient of performance for a refrigerator that cools an environment at -28.5°C and has heat transfer to another
environment at 46.5°C?
3.262
(b) How much work in joules must be done for a heat transfer of 4186 kJ from the cold environment?
1283.26
(c) What is the cost (in cents) of doing this if the work costs 15.0 cents per 3.60 x 106 J (a kilowatt-hour)?
5.35
(d) How many k) of heat transfer occurs into the warm environment?
5469.26
kJ
(e) Discuss what type of refrigerator might operate between these temperatures.
The inside of the refrigerator (actually freezer) is at (-28.5 °C) so this
probably is a commercial meat packing freezer. The exhaust is generally
vented to the outside so as to not heat the building too much.
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