EBK ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSI
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133987010
Author: Marieb
Publisher: VST
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Chapter 15, Problem 3MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Urine is the term given to the by-product of the
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Primary inorganic component of urine: A. Chloride B. Calcium C. Creatinine D. Uric acid
It is commonly seen when the body enters a state of dehydration as a result of excessive water loss from vomiting, diarrhea, perspiration, or severe burns. A. Anuria B. Polyuria C. Polyphagia D. Oliguria
It is an extremely stable preservative. A. Boric Acid B. Formalin C. Thymol D. Toluene
It is an analyte decreased in an unpreserved urine due to glycolysis. A. Ketones B. Nitrite C. Glucose D. Lipids
End stage disease of the kidney. A. Glomerulonephritis B. Nephrotic Syndrome C. Fanconi Syndrome D. Renal Failure
Which of the following is/are true concerning kidney structure?
a.
The 'hilum' is the concave part of the kidney through which everything entering or leaving the kidney goes
b.
The kidney is surrounded by a thin connective tissue capsule
c.
Urine collects in the renal sinus
d.
The renal medulla contains the renal corpuscles
e.
Each kidney contains about a million nephrons
Describe the impact of Vasopressin (aka Antidiuretic hormone, or ADH) on urine concentration. Be able to clearly explain the hormone’s mechanism of action.
Chapter 15 Solutions
EBK ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSI
Ch. 15 - More than one choice may apply. Microscopic...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2MCCh. 15 - Prob. 3MCCh. 15 - Effects of aldosterone include a. increase in...Ch. 15 - 5. Which of the following is dependent on tubular...Ch. 15 - Prob. 6MCCh. 15 - The smallest fluid compartment is the a....Ch. 15 - Prob. 8MCCh. 15 - Prob. 9SAECh. 15 - Prob. 10SAE
Ch. 15 - Prob. 11SAECh. 15 - Identify the main blood vessels that drain blood...Ch. 15 - Prob. 13SAECh. 15 - Prob. 14SAECh. 15 - Prob. 15SAECh. 15 - Prob. 16SAECh. 15 - Prob. 17SAECh. 15 - What is the juxtaglomerular apparatus and what is...Ch. 15 - Prob. 19SAECh. 15 - Prob. 20SAECh. 15 - Prob. 21SAECh. 15 - Prob. 22SAECh. 15 - Prob. 23SAECh. 15 - Prob. 24SAECh. 15 - 25. What sometimes happens when urine becomes too...Ch. 15 - Define incontinence.Ch. 15 - Why is cystitis more common in females?Ch. 15 - 29. What type of problem most commonly affects the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 29SAECh. 15 - Prob. 30CAQCh. 15 - Prob. 31CAQCh. 15 - A young woman has come to the clinic with dysuria...Ch. 15 - 34. What happens to the rate of RBC production in...Ch. 15 - Two physiology students are having a disagreement...Ch. 15 - Mr. Jessup, a 55-year-old man, is operated on for...
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- Which of the following does not contribute to the high salt concentration in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla? (a) active transport of sodium from the upper part of the ascending limb (b) diffusion of salt from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle (c) reabsorption of salt from various regions of Bowmans capsule (d) counterflow of fluid through the two limbs of the loop of Henle (e) diffusion of urea out of the collecting ductarrow_forwardIngestion of carbonated soft drinks, coffee, and tea instead of water has caused us to be chronically dehydrated. Discuss the impact of this dehydration on overall health and how concentrated urine, indicated by its yellow color, signals the need for more water consumption, while clear and colorless urine indicates that water intake is sufficient.arrow_forwardThe result of renal autoregulation is(are): A. Minimize loss of water in urine after an increase of cardiac output B. Minimize decrease of ECF after an increase of cardiac output C. Minimize effect of increased systemic pressure on urine output OD. Minimize loss of sodium in urine after an increase of cardiac output OE. All of the abovearrow_forward
- Vesicoureteral reflux occurs in children because: O a. as the bladder in infants and children fill, it pulls the smooth lining of the transitional epithelium away from the ureters so that the reflux valves are ineffective. b. the submucosal segment of the ureter is short, making the antireflux mechanism inefficient. O c. they do not ask for help in urinating in a timely manner and urine is forced up into the ureters. d. the trigone lying between the opening to the ureters and the urethra is underdeveloped.arrow_forwardFor each of the urine samples in Table , indicate whether the urine is normal or abnormal. If abnormal, name the abnormality and indicate the probable cause.4. Urine A 5. Urine B 6. Urine C 7. Urine D 8. Which urine has the (a) lowest concentration of solutes? (b) highest concentration of solutes?arrow_forwardThe amount of sodium in Bowman's capsule can be doubled by: A. Doubling of glomerular hydrostatic pressure B. Doubling of Glomerular oncotic pressure C. Doubling of Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure D. Doubling of GFR OE. Doubling of urine outputarrow_forward
- References Mailings Review View Help A Aa v A AaBbCcl AaBbCc AaBbCcl 三。 Body Text Heading 7 1 No Spac. x² A - Paragraph Styles Answer the following: 1. Macroscopic Analysis (looking at urine with the unaided eye) a. Why is urine yellow in color? 2. Specific gravity a. What does specific gravity measure? b. List four conditions that would increase specific gravity. C. List four conditions that would decrease specific gravity. d. What is the range of normal values for a 24-hour sample of urine? e. What is the range of normal values for a random sample of urine? 3. Rapid screening tests a. Which rapid screening tests listed in this website were done with the dipstick in our lab? b. Miscellaneous questions What is the large range of pH that urine can have What are some causes of an alkaline pH in urine? Where in the nephrons is urine acidified? 4. Microscopic Analysis: all the following information will be in Power Point slides). a. What things are found in normal urine, that is urine…arrow_forwardIf antidiuretic hormone (ADH) concentration increases, a. urine volume increases. b. urine concentration decreases. c. urine volume decreases and urine concentration increases. d. urine volume increases and urine concentration decreases.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is TRUE concerning renal handling of potassium? a. A high potassium meal will cause enhanced basolateral uptake via sodium-potassium pumps b. Most potassium reabsorption occurs at the distal tubules c. Aldosterone enhances potassium reabsorption at the proximal tubule d. Potassium is not filtered, so urinary excretion of potassium will only occur by stimulating potassium secretion e. Decreased extracellular potassium concentration increases aldosterone production and thereby reduces potassium secretionarrow_forward
- Describe the process of autoregulation of GFR and renal blood flow. a. Explain the importance of regulating GFR. b. What is the average GFR of a healthy adult in L/min. c. Describe what happens with GFR as blood pressure increases. d. How is GFR maintained constant despite increases in blood pressure and within which levels of blood pressure. i. Describe the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism. ii. Describe the process of glomerular tubular balancearrow_forwardWhich if the following is true? A. Urine is acidic B. Urine is slightly aromatic C. Urine sample with specific gravity of 1.015 is normal D. All of the above E. None of the abovearrow_forward
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