Principles Of Economics V8.0
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781453384503
Author: Taylor, John B.; Weerapana, Akila
Publisher: BOSTON ACADEMIC (DBA FLAT WORLD)
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 3SCQ
Imagine that the government reworks the welfare policy that was affecting Jonathan in question 1, so that for each dollar someone like Jonathan earns at work, his government benefits diminish by only 30 cents. Reconstruct the table from question 1 to account for this change in policy. Draw Jonathan’s labor-leisure opportunity sets, both for before this welfare program is enacted and after it is enacted.
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One proposal for reforming the welfare system is to create a negative income tax. Under the negative income tax, each person is entitled to a grant of G dollars permonth. For every dollar the person earns, the grant is reduced by t dollars.
a. Suppose G = 200 and t = 0.40. Consider an individual whose hourly wage = $10. There are 30 days in a month, so the total allotment of T = 720. Sketch the budgetconstraint before and after the introduction of the negative income tax.
b. Would people work more or less with the implementation of this system?
c. What if t = 100%? Explain!
True or False. Explain why.
Deniz’s preferences for consumption and leisure is as follows:U(C,L)=C2LDeniz has 100 hours in the week available to split between work and leisure. She earns $10 per hour after taxes. She also receives $260 worth of welfare benefits each week. Deniz’s optimal amount of leisure time will be 45 whereas labour supply will be 55.
Consider a person who can work up to 80 hours each week at a pretax wage of $20 per hour but faces a constant 20 percent payroll tax. Under these conditions, the worker maximizes her utility by choosing to work 50 hours each week. The government proposes a negative income tax whereby everyone is given $300 each week and anyone can supplement her income further by working. To pay for the negative income tax, the payroll tax rate will be increased to 50 percent.a. On a single graph, draw the worker’s original budget line and her budget line under the negative income tax.b. Show that the worker will choose to work fewer hours if the negative income tax is a dopted.c. Will the worker’s utility be greater under the negative income tax?
Chapter 15 Solutions
Principles Of Economics V8.0
Ch. 15 - Describe how each of these changes is likely to...Ch. 15 - Jonathan is a single father with one child. He can...Ch. 15 - Imagine that the government reworks the welfare...Ch. 15 - We have discovered that the welfare system...Ch. 15 - How does the TANF attempt to loosen the poverty...Ch. 15 - A group 0f 10 people have the following annual...Ch. 15 - Table 15.9 shows the share of income going to each...Ch. 15 - Using two demand and supply diagrams, one for the...Ch. 15 - Using two demand and supply diagrams, one for the...Ch. 15 - Here is one hypothesis: A well-funded social...
Ch. 15 - Here is a second hypothesis: A well-funded social...Ch. 15 - Which set of policies is more likely to cause a...Ch. 15 - Why is there reluctance on the part of some in the...Ch. 15 - How is the poverty rate calculated?Ch. 15 - What is the poverty line?Ch. 15 - What is the difference between poverty and income...Ch. 15 - How does the poverty trap discourage people from...Ch. 15 - How can the effect of the poverty trap be reduced?Ch. 15 - Who are the near-poor?Ch. 15 - What is the safety net?Ch. 15 - Briefly explain the differences between TANF, the...Ch. 15 - Who is included in the top income quintile?Ch. 15 - What is measured on the two axes of a Lorenz...Ch. 15 - If a country had perfect income equality what...Ch. 15 - How has the inequality of income changed in the...Ch. 15 - What are some reasons why a certain degree of...Ch. 15 - What are the main reasons economists give for the...Ch. 15 - Identify some public policies that can reduce the...Ch. 15 - Describe how a push for economic equality might...Ch. 15 - What goods and services would you include in an...Ch. 15 - If a family of three earned 20,000, would they be...Ch. 15 - Exercise 15.2 and Exercise 15.3 asked you to...Ch. 15 - Explain how you would create a government program...Ch. 15 - Many critics of government programs to help...Ch. 15 - Think about the business cycle: during a...Ch. 15 - Explain how a country may experience greater...Ch. 15 - The demand for skilled workers in the United...Ch. 15 - Explain a situation using the supply and demand...Ch. 15 - What do you think is more important to focus on...Ch. 15 - To reduce income inequality, should the marginal...Ch. 15 - Redistribution of income occurs through the...Ch. 15 - How does a society or a country make the decision...Ch. 15 - Explain what the long- and short-term consequences...Ch. 15 - In country A, the population is 300 million and 50...Ch. 15 - In country B, the population is 900 million and...Ch. 15 - Susan is a single mother with three children. She...Ch. 15 - A group of 10 people have the following annual...
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- An individual can earn $12 per hour if he or she works. Assume that a person can work at most 24 hours per day times 30 days per month for a total of 720 hours. Thus, the axis intercepts, in the absence of any program, are 720 × $12 = $8,640 in consumption and 720 hours of leisure.Scenario: Suppose that a new welfare program is introduced where the government guarantees $600 per month in income and reduces the benefit by $1 for each $1 of labor income. Below is the budget constraints that show the monthly income-leisure trade-off. Given his/her 30 hours of works, he/she is qualified for the welfare program. Calculate his welfare benefits (not total monthly income) after considering dollar-for-dollar reduction. $ _______________________________________arrow_forwardThe AB line in the below graph represents a worker's budget constraint (AB line). A utility- maximizing worker chooses the consumption- leisure bundle at point P, where the indifference curve is tangent to the budget line. Please analyze the impact of a new unemployment benefit program that consists in an amount "AG" if the worker is unemployed. This benefit is lost if the worker finds a job (even if he only works for one hour). B G A U1 Hours of Leisurearrow_forwardAn individual can earn $15 per hour if he works. Assume that a person can work at most 12 hours per day times 30 days per month for a total of 360 hours.a) Draw the budget constraint that shows the monthly consumption–leisure trade-off if the government guarantees $450 per month in income and reduces the benefit by $1 for each $1 of labour income. Discuss the possible inefficiency due to this welfare program.b) Draw the budget constraint that shows the monthly consumption–leisure trade-off if the government guarantees $225 per month in income and reduces the benefit by $1 for every $2 of labour income. Discuss the possible inefficiency due to this welfare program.arrow_forward
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