21st Century Astronomy (sixth Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780393675504
Author: Laura Kay, Stacy Palen, George Blumenthal
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 15, Problem 40QP
To determine
Mass of molecular hydrogen in the cloud.
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For a main sequence star with luminosity L, how many kilograms of hydrogen is being converted into helium per second? Use the formula that you derive to estimate the mass of hydrogen atoms that are converted into helium in the interior of the sun (LSun = 3.9 x 1026 W).
(Note: the mass of a hydrogen atom is 1 mproton and the mass of a helium atom is 3.97 mproton. You need four hydrogen nuclei to form one helium nucleus.)
A giant molecular cloud is 22 pc in diameter and has a density of 240 hydrogen molecules/cm3. What is its mass in units of solar masses? (Notes: The volume of a sphere is 4/3 πR3 and the mass of a hydrogen atom is 1.67 ✕ 10−27 kg. A hydrogen molecule consists of 2 H atoms.) Answer in Kg
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Chapter 15 Solutions
21st Century Astronomy (sixth Edition)
Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 15.1CYUCh. 15.2 - Prob. 15.2CYUCh. 15.3 - Prob. 15.3CYUCh. 15.4 - Prob. 15.4CYUCh. 15 - Prob. 1QPCh. 15 - Prob. 2QPCh. 15 - Prob. 3QPCh. 15 - Prob. 4QPCh. 15 - Prob. 5QPCh. 15 - Prob. 6QP
Ch. 15 - Prob. 7QPCh. 15 - Prob. 8QPCh. 15 - Prob. 9QPCh. 15 - Prob. 10QPCh. 15 - Prob. 11QPCh. 15 - Prob. 12QPCh. 15 - Prob. 13QPCh. 15 - Prob. 14QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15QPCh. 15 - Prob. 16QPCh. 15 - Prob. 17QPCh. 15 - Prob. 18QPCh. 15 - Prob. 19QPCh. 15 - Prob. 20QPCh. 15 - Prob. 21QPCh. 15 - Prob. 22QPCh. 15 - Prob. 23QPCh. 15 - Prob. 24QPCh. 15 - Prob. 25QPCh. 15 - Prob. 26QPCh. 15 - Prob. 27QPCh. 15 - Prob. 28QPCh. 15 - Prob. 29QPCh. 15 - Prob. 30QPCh. 15 - Prob. 31QPCh. 15 - Prob. 32QPCh. 15 - Prob. 33QPCh. 15 - Prob. 35QPCh. 15 - Prob. 36QPCh. 15 - Prob. 37QPCh. 15 - Prob. 38QPCh. 15 - Prob. 39QPCh. 15 - Prob. 40QPCh. 15 - Prob. 41QPCh. 15 - Prob. 42QPCh. 15 - Prob. 43QPCh. 15 - Prob. 44QPCh. 15 - Prob. 45QP
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- 12: A star with spectral type A0 has a surface temperature of 9600 K and a radius of 2.2 RSun. How many times more luminous is this star than the Sun? (if it is less luminous enter a number less than one) Answer: 36.854 13:This star has a mass of 3.3 MSun. what is the main sequence lifetime of this star? You may assume that the lifetime of the sun is 1010 yr. Please answer question 13 thank you.arrow_forwardAssuming that at the end of the He burning phase of the stellar core (r < R_core) has no H or He or other metals and is composed completely of Carbon, X=Y=0, X_c = 1 ; The envelope above the core has a normal stellar composition ( r > R_core). Calculate the length of time in years that a 1M_sol and 10M_sol star will live on the horizontal branch or the time between the start and end of the He burning phase. Assume that the normal relationship between mass and luminosity holds for horizontal branch stars. Please be as detailed as possiblearrow_forwardStar A and Star B are both on the main sequence. Star A is 63 times more luminous than Star B. What is the ratio of their main-sequence lifetimes? Hint: Refer to the stellar life expectancies equation, t* = M* L* = M* M*3.5 = 1 M*2.5 .arrow_forward
- The mass-luminosity relation describes the mathematical relationship between luminosity and mass for main sequence stars. It describes how a star with a mass of 4 M⊙ would have a luminosity of ______ L⊙. If a star has a radius 1/2 that of the Sun and a temperature 4 that of the Sun, how many times higher is the star's luminosity than that of the Sun? (If it is smaller by a factor of 8, you would write 0.125 because 1/8=0.125) If a star has a radius 2 times larger than the Sun's and a luminosity 1/4th that of the Sun, how many times higher is the star's temperature than that of the Sun? (If it is smaller by a factor of 8, you would write 0.125 because 1/8=0.125) If a star has a surface temperature 2 times lower than the Sun's and a luminosity the same as the Sun, how many times larger is the star than the Sun? (If it is smaller by a factor of 8, you would write 0.125 because 1/8=0.125)arrow_forwardA molecular cloud is 22 pc in diameter and is located 303 pc from Earth. What is its angular size on the sky (in arc seconds)? The cloud has a density of n = 8,500 hydrogen molecules/cm³. What is the total mass of the cloud in solar masses? (Approximate the molecular cloud as spherical.)arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is/are true regarding a nebula? Which of the following statements is/are true regarding a nebula? It is believed that each planet in our solar system began as its own nebula. Over time, a nebula becomes cooler and grows in size. The density of a nebula is greatest at the edges and least in the center. There are no nebulas left in our galaxy because they have all formed stars and planets. Over time, a star will form at the center of a nebula.arrow_forward
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