To predict: The membrane orientation of a protein that is made with an uncleaved, internal signal sequence but does not contain a stop-transfer sequence. Concept introduction: Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 4Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The membrane orientation of a protein that is made with an uncleaved, internal signal sequence but does not contain a stop-transfer sequence.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

B.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The membrane orientation of a protein that is synthesized with an N-terminal cleaved signal sequence followed by a stop-transfer sequence, followed by a start-transfer sequence.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

C.

Summary Introduction

To examine: What arrangement of signal sequences would enable the insertion of a multi-pass protein with an odd number of transmembrane segments.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 4Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The membrane orientation of a protein that is made with an uncleaved, internal signal sequence but does not contain a stop-transfer sequence.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

B.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The membrane orientation of a protein that is synthesized with an N-terminal cleaved signal sequence followed by a stop-transfer sequence, followed by a start-transfer sequence.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

C.

Summary Introduction

To examine: What arrangement of signal sequences would enable the insertion of a multi-pass protein with an odd number of transmembrane segments.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 4Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The membrane orientation of a protein that is made with an uncleaved, internal signal sequence but does not contain a stop-transfer sequence.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

B.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The membrane orientation of a protein that is synthesized with an N-terminal cleaved signal sequence followed by a stop-transfer sequence, followed by a start-transfer sequence.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

C.

Summary Introduction

To examine: What arrangement of signal sequences would enable the insertion of a multi-pass protein with an odd number of transmembrane segments.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 4Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The membrane orientation of a protein that is made with an uncleaved, internal signal sequence but does not contain a stop-transfer sequence.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

B.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The membrane orientation of a protein that is synthesized with an N-terminal cleaved signal sequence followed by a stop-transfer sequence, followed by a start-transfer sequence.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

C.

Summary Introduction

To examine: What arrangement of signal sequences would enable the insertion of a multi-pass protein with an odd number of transmembrane segments.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

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Answer 5

Chapter 15, Problem 4Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The membrane orientation of a protein that is made with an uncleaved, internal signal sequence but does not contain a stop-transfer sequence.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

B.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The membrane orientation of a protein that is synthesized with an N-terminal cleaved signal sequence followed by a stop-transfer sequence, followed by a start-transfer sequence.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

C.

Summary Introduction

To examine: What arrangement of signal sequences would enable the insertion of a multi-pass protein with an odd number of transmembrane segments.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

Answer 6

Chapter 15, Problem 4Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The membrane orientation of a protein that is made with an uncleaved, internal signal sequence but does not contain a stop-transfer sequence.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

Answer 7

Chapter 15, Problem 4Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The membrane orientation of a protein that is made with an uncleaved, internal signal sequence but does not contain a stop-transfer sequence.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

Answer 8

B.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The membrane orientation of a protein that is synthesized with an N-terminal cleaved signal sequence followed by a stop-transfer sequence, followed by a start-transfer sequence.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

Answer 9

B.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The membrane orientation of a protein that is synthesized with an N-terminal cleaved signal sequence followed by a stop-transfer sequence, followed by a start-transfer sequence.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

Answer 10

C.

Summary Introduction

To examine: What arrangement of signal sequences would enable the insertion of a multi-pass protein with an odd number of transmembrane segments.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

Answer 11

C.

Summary Introduction

To examine: What arrangement of signal sequences would enable the insertion of a multi-pass protein with an odd number of transmembrane segments.

Concept introduction:

Transmembrane proteins are those proteins that remain embedded in the ER membrane and are not released to the ER lumen. The N-terminal signal sequence starts the transfer process, and it is stopped by a hydrophobic amino acid sequence called the stop-transfer sequence. The translocation channel will release the growing polypeptide chain sideways to bilayer and N-terminal is cleaved off. A α-helical membrane-spanning section is formed that anchors the proteins to the membrane.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 15 - Prob. 1Q Ch. 15 - Prob. 2Q Ch. 15 - Prob. 3Q Ch. 15 - Prob. 4Q Ch. 15 - Prob. 5Q Ch. 15 - Prob. 6Q Ch. 15 - Prob. 7Q Ch. 15 - Prob. 8Q Ch. 15 - Prob. 9Q Ch. 15 - Prob. 10Q

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