WHAT IS LIFE ACHIEVE ACCESS ONLY >I<
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781319487317
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: INTER MAC
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Chapter 15, Problem 5MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial drug used in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infections. They may either kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. A limited number of antibiotics act against protozoa also. Sometimes the term antibiotic (which means “opposing life”) is used to refer to any substance used against microbes.
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which of the following definitions is not technically correct?
a. broad spectrum - effective against many different types of microbes
b. bacteriostatic - prevents microbes from growing
c. antibiotic - microbial or synthetic product that kills or inhibits growth of microbes.
d. all of the above are correct
The first step for directly linking a microbe to a specific disease according to Koch's postulates is to
A.isolate microbes from the blood of healthy animals.
B. culture the blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal using nutrient medium.
C. inject a sample of blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal into a healthy animal.
D. obtain a sample of blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal.
Which of the following statement is true?
A. Scientists believe the world is due for an epidemic of influenza that could be a major killer
B Most viral diseases can be effectively treated with common antibiotics such as penicillin
C. Viruses are much less likely than bacteria to be used in bioterrorism.
D. Viral diseases cannot spread from animals to humans.
E. None of the above is true
Chapter 15 Solutions
WHAT IS LIFE ACHIEVE ACCESS ONLY >I<
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- Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of the antibiotic streptomycin? A. it disrupts protein synthesis in resistant bacteria. B. Streptomycin inhibits cell wall synthesis in all bacterial species. C. Streptomycin creates mutations in bacteria which cause them to become resistant. D. It disrupts protein synthesis in nonresistant bacteria.arrow_forwardMicrobial resistance to drugs is acquired througha. conjugation.b. transformation.c. transduction.d. all of these.arrow_forwardThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention considers antibioticresistance to be one of the world’s most pressing health problems. How can scientists help solve this problem? (Consider both technology and the general public.)arrow_forward
- Describe two events occurs when antibiotics are present or not and microbes become newly resistant to a drug?arrow_forwardIt was not until 1928 that penicillin, the first true antibiotic, was discovered by Alexander Fleming, Professor of Bacteriology at St. Mary's Hospital in London. Penicillin heralded the dawn of the antibiotic age. Before its introduction there was no effective treatment for infections such as pneumonia, gonorrhea or rheumatic fever. Hospitals were full of people with blood poisoning contracted from a cut or a scratch, and doctors could do little for them but wait and hope. 1. What is the mechanism of action of penicillin? 2. Cells treated with penicillin do not die immediately, so how this antibiotic is effective? 3. Why penicillin is most effective against Gram-positive bacteria? 4. Explain penicillin resistance mechanisms among bacteria today and the causes why they gained this resistance and making this great life-saving drug not usable anymore.arrow_forwardSome antibiotics are effective against only a limited range of organisms. What is a term you learned in the virtual lab that is used to describe this phenomenon and describe what it means.arrow_forward
- Drugs are often given to patients before going into surgery, to dentalpatients with heart disease, or to healthy family members exposed tocontagious infections.a. What word would you use to describe this use of drugs?b. What is the purpose of this form of treatment?c. Explain some potential undesired effects of this form of therapy.d. Define probiotics and list some ways they are used.arrow_forward(a) Describe how a microorganism may become resistant to a drug to which it was previously susceptible. (b) What can health care workers do to help prevent the development of drug resistant microbes? (c) What can you do on a personal level to help prevent the development of drug resistant microbes? 2.arrow_forward(Taking a look at antibiotic resistance) since we try to keep bacteria out of our cells for the most part what do you think is the best way to utilize antibiotics to efficiently keep ourselves healthy? Are we using too many or not enough in society? Provide at least one supporting fact to help your opinion.arrow_forward
- A researcher, studying two different animal viruses (A and B) that infect the same cell type, digests away all the protein and transfers the nucleic acid directly into the host cell. Only virus B causes the infection. This suggests: a. Virus A is likely to be a naked virus. b. Virus A is likely to be an enveloped virus. c. Virus A is likely to be a -ssRNA virus. d. Virus A is likely to be a +ssRNA virus. e. Virus A is likely to be a dsDNA virus. And now explain why.arrow_forwardMark all the statements below that are INCORRECT about antibiotic resistance. A. ESBL bacteria contain an enzyme that alters the target site of beta-lactam antibiotics B. Antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria are relatively more common in hospital workers due to continuous exposure to antibiotics in hospital settings C. Antibiotics kill microbes by targeting specific molecules in bacteria and viruses D. Antibiotic resistance can increase due to prescribing or taking antibiotics when the causative agent is a virus E. Antibiotics cause mutations that favor the growth of resistant bacteria F. Antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections because viruses lack the structural targets of antibioticsarrow_forwardA broad spectrum antibiotic is undesirable because it A. might only cure two diseases at once B: might kill beneficial gut microbes C. will always stimulate resistance E can't be taken orally D. will always cause allergiesarrow_forward
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