Biochemistry: Concepts and Connections
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780321839923
Author: Dean R. Appling, Spencer J. Anthony-Cahill, Christopher K. Mathews
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 15, Problem 5P
The flux of solar energy reaching the Earth's surface is approximately 7 J/ cm2. Assume that all of this energy is used by a green leaf (10 cm2 in area), with maximal efficiency of 35%. How many moles of hexose could the leaf theoretically generate in an hour? Use 600 nm for an average wavelength.
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Cyclic photophosphorylation uses two photons to generate one ATP. If the AG of ATP hydrolysis is
-50 kj/mol. What is the percent efficiency of cyclic photophosphorylation? F =96.5 kj/mol*V. Use
c
AG = -nFAV
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to solve.
In a photosynthetic investigation, a student measured the following pH of the stroma and the inner thylakoid compartments of spinach leaf cells at the conclusion of the experiment.
Source of Fluid
pH
(mean)
Standard Error of Mean (SEM)
Stroma
8.2
0.75
Inner compartment of thylakoid
5.6
0.35
Describe the stages of photosynthesis. Explain the need for a constant supply of inorganic carbon dioxide.
Light that the chlorophyll-a pigment uses may be measured by the solar-induced fluorescence (650-850nm). This fluorescence caused by the sun and a plant's gross primary output are correlated linearly.
Why can solar induced fluorescence be used to infer net photosynthesis?
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Biochemistry: Concepts and Connections
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- Calculate the percentage efficiency of a solar PV module whose length is 147 cm and width is 102 cm and produces 201 W maximum power when exposed to 1064 W/m² solar irradiance?arrow_forwardLight that the chlorophyll-a pigment uses may be measured by the solar-induced fluorescence (650-850nm). This fluorescence caused by the sun and a plant's gross primary output are correlated linearly. Why does this reasoning shows that solar induced fluorescence can be used to infer net photosynthesis?arrow_forwardWe perform our measurements for KHP at 281 nm. Would we get the same results for pathlength at 250 nm? What about using chlorophyll at 667 nm? Why might a too high concentration of KHP give erroneous data for measuring pathlength?arrow_forward
- Given the chromatogram of the spinach leaves extract in a normal phase from the experiment you conducted, arrange the components from least polar to most polar. O Carotene, Xanthrophyll, Chlorophyll A, ChlorophyllI B O Chlorophyll B, Chlorophyll A, Carotene, Xanthrophyll O Chlorophyll A, Chlorophyll B, Xanthrophyll, Carotene O Carotene, Xanthrophyll, Chlorophyll B, Chlorophyll Aarrow_forwardTo assess photosynthesis, we relied heavily on a spectrophotometer to measure the color intensity of DCPIP in our solution. We set the spectrophotometer at wavelengths in the visible spectrum. What is the approximate wavelength range (in nm) for the visible spectrum? For example, the ultraviolet spectrum wavelength range is approximately 10-400 nmarrow_forwardAt your work station, you have a spectrophotometer set at 600 nm to measure DCIP absorbance and four (4) test tubes containing different solutions. One of the test tubes is labelled “0” to blank/zero the spectrophotometer. The other three (3) test tubes contain a reaction mixture from a Hill reaction experiment using isolated chloroplasts and DCIP as an electron acceptor. DCIP is present in the oxidized state and exhibits a blue color with an absorbance at 600 nm. Upon receiving the electrons, DCIP is reduced to form DCIP-H2 that is colorless. These three (3) tubes, labelled “A”, “B”, and “C” were exposed to different light conditions during the Hill reaction. The Light conditions were random, including No light, Red light, and Green light. Please note that chlorophyll preferentially absorbs the light with wavelength of 660 nm (red) when compared to that of 520 nm (green). Your mission is to determine which Tube came from which experimental light condition. Tube: Tube…arrow_forward
- DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol), a blue dye, can act as an electron acceptor and becomes colorless when reduced. A suspension of chloroplasts is prepared, and DCPIP is added to the suspension. The sample is split into two test tubes. One test tube is exposed to light and the other is wrapped in foil (dark control). What would you observe over time comparing the light exposed and the dark control test tubes? A. The sample exposed to light stays blue. The sample kept in the dark turns colorless. B. The sample exposed to light turns colorless. The sample wrapped in foil stays blue. C. Both samples stay blue. D. Both samples turn colorless.arrow_forwardTo ensure that the plant was kept at a constant temperature at each light intensity in this experiment: Select one or more: a. the temperature of the room was adjusted to keep the tube of Elodea submerged in water at a constant temperature with a thermometer inside the tube b. the tube containing Elodea submerged in water was surrounded by light on all sides with a thermometer inside the tube c. the tube containing Elodea submerged in water was placed in a water bath with a thermometer in the water batharrow_forwardAssume a pH gradient of 4.0 units across a thylakoid membrane, with the lumen more acidic than the stroma.What is the longest wavelength of light that could provide enough energy per photon to pump one proton against this gradient, assuming 20% efficiency in photosynthesis and T = 25 °C?arrow_forward
- If plants described in problem 4 are illuminated by a combination of light of 680 nm and 700 nm, the oxygen production exceeds that of either wavelength alone. Explain.arrow_forwardAssume a pH gradient of 4.0 units across a thylakoid membrane, with the lumen more acidic than the stroma. What is the longest wavelength of light that could provide enough energy per photon to pump one proton against this gradient, assuming a 20% efficiency in photosynthesis and T = 25 °C?arrow_forwardIn cyclic photophosphorylation, it is estimated that two electrons must be passed through the cycle to pump enough protons to generate one ATP. Assuming that the AG for hydrolysis of ATP under conditions existing in the chloroplast is about –50 kJ/mol, what is the corresponding percent ef- ficiency of cyclic photophosphorylation, using light of 700 nm?arrow_forward
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