EBK HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
EBK HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780133983401
Author: Silverthorn
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 15, Problem 5RQ
Summary Introduction

Introduction: The heart is an important organ that helps in the pumping of blood to various parts of the body. The blood pressure can be defined as the pressure at which the blood circulates in the body.

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Fill in the blank:  Of the ions that affect heart action, the most important are ions of calcium and ________________________.
The standard EKG consists of 10 sensors that record 12 leads of the heart’s electrical activity from different angles, allowing for a thorough three-dimensional interpretation of its activity. This is transmitted by the electrodes to the equipment to be interpreted and is used to diagnose cardiac medical conditions. In case of an abnormal EKG, the second step would be to use a Holter monitor. How would you explain to your classmates how to perform an EKG (steps)? Where will you place the electrodes when performing and EKG? Why? What are the different lead types, connections, and placements? When you conclude an EKG, what are the different components that you need to observe and confirm before you disconnect the patient? Can you explain the difference between normal, abnormal, and artifacts? What is a Holter monitor? Under what circumstances would one be ordered for a patient? How do you use a Holter monitor? Educate a patient: What you will do before, during, and after an…
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a rapid and unorganized beating of the upper chambers of the heart.  It is generally not life-threatening in the short term, but it dramatically impacts how a patient feels, and it can have bad consequences in the long term.  One of those “bad consequences” is stroke, caused by blood clots that can form in the atria when they are “fibrillating” for long periods of time, and the clots subsequently flow to the brain.  We are now planning a study to see whether a new therapy (perhaps cryoablation plus a new drug) is better than a control therapy (perhaps cryotherapy plus an old drug) at preventing stroke or death.  Our primary endpoint will be a composite of stroke or all-cause mortality, and we will structure this as a time-to-event analysis. We think the new therapy will lead to a reduction in risk of 40% (that is, a hazard ratio of 0.60).  How many events must we observe (combined across both therapy groups) in order to have 95% power to detect a reduction…

Chapter 15 Solutions

EBK HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY

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The Cardiovascular System: An Overview; Author: Strong Medicine;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wu18mpI_62s;License: Standard youtube license