COLLEGE PHYSICS
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781464196393
Author: Freedman
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Question
Chapter 15, Problem 69QAP
To determine
The coefficient of performance of a Carnot refrigerator.
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Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 15 Solutions
COLLEGE PHYSICS
Ch. 15 - Prob. 1QAPCh. 15 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 15 - Prob. 3QAPCh. 15 - Prob. 4QAPCh. 15 - Prob. 5QAPCh. 15 - Prob. 6QAPCh. 15 - Prob. 7QAPCh. 15 - Prob. 8QAPCh. 15 - Prob. 9QAPCh. 15 - Prob. 10QAP
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- Review. This problem complements Problem 44 in Chapter 10. In the operation of a single-cylinder internal combustion piston engine, one charge of fuel explodes to drive the piston outward in the power stroke. Part of its energy output is stored in a turning flywheel. This energy is then used to push the piston inward to compress the next charge of fuel and air. In this compression process, assume an original volume of 0.120 L of a diatomic ideal gas at atmospheric pressure is compressed adiabatically to one-eighth of its original volume. (a) Find the work input required to compress the gas. (b) Assume the flywheel is a solid disk of mass 5.10 kg and radius 8.50 cm, turning freely without friction between the power stroke and the compression stroke. How fast must the flywheel turn immediately after the power stroke? This situation represents the minimum angular speed at which the engine can operate without stalling. (c) When the engines operation is well above the point of stalling, assume the flywheel puts 5.00% of its maximum energy into compressing the next charge of fuel and air. Find its maximum angular speed in this case.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true for the entropy change of a system that undergoes a reversible, adiabatic process? (a) S 0 (b) S = 0 (c) S 0arrow_forwardPressure and volume measurements of a dilute gas undergoing a quasi-static adiabatic expansion are shown below. Plot In p vs. V and determine 7 for this gas from your graph.arrow_forward
- A gascooled nuclear reactor operates between hot and cold reservoir temperatures of 700C and 27.0C. (a) What is the maximum eficiency of a heat engine operating between these temperatures? (b) Find the ratio of this eficiency to the Carnot eficiency of a standard nuclear reactor (found in Example 15.4).arrow_forwardIn a very mild winter climate, a heat pump has heat transfer from an environment at 5.00C to one at 35.0C. What is the best possible coefficient of performance for these temperatures? Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategies for Thermodynamics.arrow_forwardGive an example of a spontaneous process in which a system becomes less ordered and energy becomes less available to do work. What happens to the system's entropy in this process?arrow_forward
- There is no change in the internal of an ideal gas undergoing an isothermal process since the internal energy depends only on the temperature. Is it therefore correct to say that an isothermal process is the same as an adiabatic process for an ideal gas? Explain your answer. `arrow_forwardWe ordinarily say that U=0 for an isothermal process. Does this assume no phase change takes place? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardAn electric generating station is designed to have an electric output power of 1.40 MW using a turbine with two-thirds the efficiency of a Carnot engine. The exhaust energy is transferred by heat into a cooling tower at 110C. (a) Find the rate at which the station exhausts energy by heat as a function of the fuel combustion temperature Th. (b) If the firebox is modified to run hotter by using more advanced combustion technology, how does the amount of energy exhaust change? (c) Find the exhaust power for Th = 800C. (d) Find the value of Th for which the exhaust power would be only half as large as in part (c). (e) Find the value of Th for which the exhaust power would be one-fourth as large as in part (c).arrow_forward
- An ideal refrigerator or ideal heat pump is equivalent to a Carnot engine running in reverse. That is, energy |Qc| is taken in from a cold reservoir and energy |Qh| is rejected to a hot reservoir. (a) Show that the work that must he supplied to run the refrigerator or heat pump is W=ThTcTc|Qc| (b) Show that the coefficient of performance (COP) of the ideal refrigerator is COP=TcThTcarrow_forwardExplain how water’s entropy can decrease when it freezes without violating the second law of thermodynamics. Specifically, explain what happens to the entropy of its surroundings.arrow_forwardWhat is the change in entropy in an adiabatic process? Does this imply that adiabatic processes are reversible? Can a process be precisely adiabatic for a macroscopic system?arrow_forward
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