Campbell Biology: Concepts and Connections (Custom Package)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781269717403
Author: Central Texas
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 15, Problem 9TYK
Which of the following could provide the best data for determining the phylogeny of very closely related species?
a. the fossil record
b. their morphological differences and similarities
c. a comparison of
d. a comparison of their ribosomal DNA sequences
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People studying fossils have to employ which of the following species concepts?
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a.
The Morphospecies Concept
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b.
The Biological Species Concept
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c.
The Phylogenetic Species Concept
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d.
The Physical Species Concept
All of the following are true about phylogenies, EXCEPT:
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a.
They are considered an unbiased reconstruction of evolutionary relationships.
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b.
We use them to predict the emergence of traits in the fossil record.
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c.
They are, at best, a hypothesis about the relationships among extant species.
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d.
We use the rule of parsimony to reconstruct evolutionary history.
To apply parsimony to constructing a phylogenetic tree, (A) choose the tree that assumes all evolutionary changes are equally probable. (B) choose the tree in which the branch points are based on as many shared derived characters as possible. (C) choose the tree that represents the fewest evolutionary changes,in either DNA sequences or morphology. (D) choose the tree with the fewest branch points.
Chapter 15 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Concepts and Connections (Custom Package)
Ch. 15 - Using the figure below, describe the stages that...Ch. 15 - Fill in this concept map about systematics.Ch. 15 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 15 - Adaptive radiations may be promoted by all of the...Ch. 15 - A swim bladder is a gas-filled sac that helps fish...Ch. 15 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 15 - Which of the following could provide the best data...Ch. 15 - Prob. 10TYK
Ch. 15 - Distinguish between microevolution and...Ch. 15 - Which are more likely to be closely related: two...Ch. 15 - How can the Darwinian concept of descent with...Ch. 15 - Explain why changes in the regulation of...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 15 - Measurements indicate that a fossilized skull you...Ch. 15 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 15 - SCIENTIFIC THINKING When Stanley Millers...
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- What is not always true of a valid binomial species name like Homo sapiens? A. It includes the genus name B. It is the first published name applied to the biological species C. It is defined by autapomorphic character states D. Technically, it consists of a noun and an adjective  asaparrow_forwardIn order to determine polarity for different states of a character a. there must be a fossil record of the groups in question. b. genetic sequence data must be available. c. an appropriate name for the taxonomic group must be selected. d. an outgroup must be identified.arrow_forwardWhich of the following are true about outgroups? (multiple answers allowed) A) they help identify plesiomorphic traits in the pylogeny B) they are a taxa that is known to not be within the species group in questionC) They do not have any autapomorphic traits D)they are less evolved than the species of interestarrow_forward
- Organisms that are closer together on a cladograma. are in the same family.b. comprise an outgroup.c. share a more recent common ancestor than those organisms that are farther apart.d. share fewer derived characters than organisms that are farther apart.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is TRUE about a phylogenetic tree? It provides a drawing the reflects the proven relationships between living and extinct species. b It provides a hypothetical model of the relationships between extinct species. c It provides a hypothetical model of the relationships between living and extinct species. d It a diagram used by scientists that provides a model of evolutionary relationships without the need for scientific data.arrow_forwardDerived characters are traits: A. that are more complicated than ancestral characters B. that characterize the last common ancestor of a particular collection of species. C. that have evolved after the last common ancestor of a particulan collection of species. D. that are less well suited to the environment than ancestral characters.arrow_forward
- An analysis of a phylogeny that displays data about the fossil record over time reveals all of the following EXCEPT  A. Several extinction events occurred.  B. Evolution results in a clear directional pattern.  C. Evolution is the result of interactions between organisms and their environment.  D. Evidence of continental drift exists.arrow_forwardWhich of the following assumptions is not part ofcladistics?a. A lineage’s characters change over time.b. All species share common ancestry.c. Each lineage branches from another lineage.d. Similar body parts are evidence of a recentdivergencearrow_forwardWhat is true about organisms that are a part of the same clade? a. They all share the same basic characteristics. b. They evolved from a shared ancestor. c. They all are on the same tree. d. They have identical phylogenies.arrow_forward
- What is a phylogeny a description of? a. mutations b. DNA c. evolutionary history d. organisms on Eartharrow_forwardWhich assumption of cladistics is stated incorrectly? a. Living things are related by descent from a common ancestor. b. Speciation can produce one, two, or three new species. c. Traits change from one state to another. d. The polarity of a character state change can be determined.arrow_forwardUsing the phylogeny, which statement best explains the evolutionary relationship of birds and bats? Â A. C is an example of divergent evolution shows a common ancestor. Â B. C is an example of convergent evolution does not show a common ancestor. Â C. A and B are examples of analogous structures derived from a common ancestor. Â D. A and B are examples of homologous structures that are not derived from a common ancestor.arrow_forward
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