Anatomy and Physiology
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260256000
Author: SALADIN
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 15.3, Problem 10BYGO
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The autonomic nervous system is divided into two divisions, sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. Both these systems innervate the visceral organs and have their own effects on the target organs. The sympathetic system operates in the heart, lungs, and smooth muscles and it executes its effect on flight or fight response to create organs excitation. On the contrary, the parasympathetic system innervates the same organ and it effects executes during rest or digest mode. The innervation of an organ by the sympathetic and parasympathetic system is said to be the dual innervation.
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Anatomy and Physiology
Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 1BYGOCh. 15.1 - The fundamental function and effectors of the...Ch. 15.1 - Why this system is called autonomic; how it...Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 15.1 - Why it cannot be said that at any given moment,...Ch. 15.1 - Basic anatomical components of the ANSCh. 15.1 - How autonomic efferent pathways differ from...Ch. 15.2 - Explain why the sympathetic division is also...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 4BYGOCh. 15.2 - Prob. 1AYLO
Ch. 15.2 - Anatomy of the sympathetic chain; the number of...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 15.2 - Differences between the spinal nerve route,...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 15.2 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 15.2 - The degree and significance of neural divergence...Ch. 15.2 - Why the adrenal medulla can be considered part of...Ch. 15.2 - Names and numbers of the cranial and spinal nerves...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 15.2 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 15.2 - The location and functions of the enteric nervous...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 10BYGOCh. 15.3 - Prob. 11BYGOCh. 15.3 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 15.3 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 15.3 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 15.3 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 15.3 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 15.3 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 15.3 - Autonomic control of certain organs by dual...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 15.4 - Examples of the influence of the cerebral cortex,...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1TYRCh. 15 - Muscarinic receptors bind a. epinephrine. b....Ch. 15 - All of the following cranial nerves except the...Ch. 15 - Which of the following cranial nerves carries...Ch. 15 - Prob. 5TYRCh. 15 - Epinephrine is secreted by a. sympathetic...Ch. 15 - Prob. 7TYRCh. 15 - The gray communicating ramus contains a. visceral...Ch. 15 - Prob. 9TYRCh. 15 - Which of these does not result from sympathetic...Ch. 15 - Certain nerve fibers are called _______ fibers...Ch. 15 - Prob. 12TYRCh. 15 - Prob. 13TYRCh. 15 - Most parasympathetic preganglionic fibers arc...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15TYRCh. 15 - Prob. 16TYRCh. 15 - Prob. 17TYRCh. 15 - Prob. 18TYRCh. 15 - Prob. 19TYRCh. 15 - Prob. 20TYRCh. 15 - Baro -Ch. 15 - Lyto-Ch. 15 - Prob. 3BYMVCh. 15 - Prob. 4BYMVCh. 15 - Prob. 5BYMVCh. 15 - Prob. 6BYMVCh. 15 - reno-Ch. 15 - Prob. 8BYMVCh. 15 - Prob. 9BYMVCh. 15 - Prob. 10BYMVCh. 15 - Prob. 1WWTSCh. 15 - The parasympathetic nervous system controls...Ch. 15 - Voluntary control of the ANS is not possible.Ch. 15 - Prob. 4WWTSCh. 15 - Prob. 5WWTSCh. 15 - Prob. 6WWTSCh. 15 - Prob. 7WWTSCh. 15 - Prob. 8WWTSCh. 15 - Prob. 9WWTSCh. 15 - The two divisions of the ANS have cooperative...Ch. 15 - You are dicing raw onions while preparing dinner,...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2TYCCh. 15 - Prob. 3TYCCh. 15 - What would be the advantage to a wolf in having...Ch. 15 - Pediatric literature has reported many cases of...
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- In general, parasympathetic activation will produce effects that are _ to those produced by activation of sympathetic neurons. a. similar b. antagonistic c. complimentary d. identicalarrow_forwardWhy does the sympathetic division produce simultaneous effects throughout the body, in contrast to parasympathetic effects, which typically are localized to specific organs?arrow_forwardWhen comparing the Parasympathetic and Sympathetic systems, what conclusion can be reached with respect to many of the organs and their functions shown in Model 1?arrow_forward
- How can the sympathetic nervous system have contrasting effects in a target organ without dual innervation?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not associated with sympathetic stimulation? a. arteriolar dilation in skeletal muscle b. flight or fight c. preparation for energy expenditure d. diffuse effects e. small intestine absorption of nutrients.arrow_forwardDiscuss the difference between pre and postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic systemarrow_forward
- There are two divisions of the autonomic nervous system: Sympathetic and parasympathetic Describe 5 effects of sympathetic activation. How does this help survival?arrow_forwardThe postganglionic fibers of the sympathetic nervous system are: a. short, adrenergic, type B b. short, cholernergic, type B c. long, adrenergic, type A d. long, cholernergic, type A e. none of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following describes a sympathetic postganglionicaxon?a. long, unmyelinated axonb. short, myelinated axonc. short, unmyelinated axond. long, myelinated axonarrow_forward
- Compare the primary mechanisms used by the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions to clear or remove neurotransmitters? In other words, how do they terminate their neurotransmitter activity? How do they differ from each other? Question #2 Barbra Streisand, age 79, has asthma. We are considering an adrenergic drug for treatment. For Ms. Streisand, what are the drug advantages and diadvantages associciated with the use of ephedrine isoproterenol metaproterenol albuterol terbutaline Would her age be a factor in selecting the best drug? Explain. Question #3 Steven Seagal, age 69, has hypertension and asthma. We are considering treating him with an adrenergic blocker. What are the advantages and disadvantages for each of the drugs below to treat high blood pressure? doxazosin prazosin propranolol metoprolol atenolol acebutolol What needs to be included when teaching individuals suffering from high blood pressure about the use of an adrenergic blocker?arrow_forwardTrace the path of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems to the heart and stomach. Compare and contrast them.arrow_forwardWhich is TRUE about the autonomic nervous system? a. sympathetic activity causes vasodilation b. sympathetic activity would decrease total peripheral resistance c. parasympathetic activation occurs in response to stress, such as exercise d. parasympathetic activation increases cardiac output e. sympathetic activity increases heart ratearrow_forward
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