Bundle: Foundations of Astronomy, Enhanced, 13th + LMS Integrated MindTap Astronomy, 2 terms (12 months) Printed Access Card
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781337368360
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Question
Chapter 16, Problem 11P
To determine
Compare the given curve with Keplerian motion in the solar system.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Using high resolution adaptive optical techniques, observations of a nearby (9.5 pc) cool star of mass 0.2 solar masses indicate the presence of a small
rocky exoplanet in a circular orbit with a radius of 0.01 arcseconds. Using Kepler's Laws, estimate the period of the exoplanet's orbit in days.
select units A
White Dwarf Size II. The white dwarf, Sirius B, contains 0.98 solar mass, and its density is about 2 x 106 g/cm?. Find the radius of the white dwarf in km to three significant digits. (Hint: Density = mass/volume, and the volume of a
4
sphere is Tr.)
3
km
Compare your answer with the radii of the planets listed in the Table A-10. Which planet is this white dwarf is closely equal to in size?
I Table A-10 I Properties of the Planets
ORBITAL PROPERTIES
Semimajor Axis (a)
Orbital Period (P)
Average Orbital
Velocity (km/s)
Orbital
Inclination
Planet
(AU)
(106 km)
(v)
(days)
Eccentricity
to Ecliptic
Mercury
0.387
57.9
0.241
88.0
47.9
0.206
7.0°
Venus
0.723
108
0.615
224.7
35.0
0.007
3.4°
Earth
1.00
150
1.00
365.3
29.8
0.017
Mars
1.52
228
1.88
687.0
24.1
0.093
1.8°
Jupiter
5.20
779
11.9
4332
13.1
0.049
1.30
Saturn
9.58
1433
29.5
10,759
9.7
0.056
2.5°
30,799
60,190
Uranus
19.23
2877
84.3
6.8
0.044
0.8°
Neptune
* By definition.
30.10
4503
164.8
5.4
0.011
1.8°
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (Earth = e)…
Suppose you're in a circular orbit around Saturn (M = 5.683 x 1026 kg) with a semi-major axis
of a = 237,948 km.
a. What is your orbital velocity?
b. Using the "Vis-viva" equation (which can be derived from the total energy)
v = GM
What is the delta-V you would need to get from your current orbit, into an elliptical orbit
that has an apoapsis near Titan (a = 1,221,870 km)?
Chapter 16 Solutions
Bundle: Foundations of Astronomy, Enhanced, 13th + LMS Integrated MindTap Astronomy, 2 terms (12 months) Printed Access Card
Ch. 16 - Prob. 1RQCh. 16 - Of the nearby galaxies, which is the most common...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3RQCh. 16 - My center is round, and I have no spiral arms...Ch. 16 - Prob. 5RQCh. 16 - Which are more common, barred or nonbarred spiral...Ch. 16 - Prob. 7RQCh. 16 - Prob. 8RQCh. 16 - Prob. 9RQCh. 16 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 16 - Prob. 11RQCh. 16 - Prob. 12RQCh. 16 - Prob. 13RQCh. 16 - Prob. 14RQCh. 16 - Prob. 15RQCh. 16 - Prob. 16RQCh. 16 - Prob. 17RQCh. 16 - Prob. 18RQCh. 16 - Prob. 19RQCh. 16 - Prob. 20RQCh. 16 - Prob. 21RQCh. 16 - What is the percentage range of galaxy diameters...Ch. 16 - What is the percentage range of galaxy masses...Ch. 16 - Prob. 24RQCh. 16 - Prob. 25RQCh. 16 - Prob. 26RQCh. 16 - Prob. 27RQCh. 16 - Prob. 28RQCh. 16 - Prob. 29RQCh. 16 - Prob. 30RQCh. 16 - Prob. 31RQCh. 16 - Prob. 32RQCh. 16 - Prob. 33RQCh. 16 - Prob. 34RQCh. 16 - Prob. 1DQCh. 16 - Prob. 2DQCh. 16 - Prob. 3DQCh. 16 - Prob. 4DQCh. 16 - Prob. 1PCh. 16 - Prob. 2PCh. 16 - Prob. 3PCh. 16 - Prob. 4PCh. 16 - Prob. 5PCh. 16 - Prob. 6PCh. 16 - Prob. 7PCh. 16 - Prob. 8PCh. 16 - Prob. 9PCh. 16 - Prob. 10PCh. 16 - Prob. 11PCh. 16 - Prob. 12PCh. 16 - Prob. 13PCh. 16 - Prob. 14PCh. 16 - Prob. 15PCh. 16 - Prob. 16PCh. 16 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 16 - Prob. 2LTLCh. 16 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 16 - Prob. 4LTLCh. 16 - Prob. 5LTLCh. 16 - Prob. 6LTL
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 1. Planet A has an orbital period of 12 years and radius that is 0.033 times the radius of the star. Calculate the fractional dip of the star brightness in the case that planet A is transiting. Give the answer as a number. Quote the formula you use and explain any assumptions you have to make. 2. Planet B has an orbital period of 1 year and is located closer to its star than planet A. You succeed in detecting planet B with the radial velocity technique as well! From this measurement you calculate a minimum mass of planet B to be 75% that of the Earth. (a) Since you detect the planet with both transit method and radial velocity method, what do you know about the inclination of the planetary system? (b) Given this inclination, estimate the true mass of planet B (in units of Earth mass). You do not need to do a detailed calculation, just explain the argument. 3. You also measure the radius of planet B to be the same as Earth, one Earth radius. (a) How does the density of planet B compare…arrow_forwardHow Do We Know? Why is it important that a theory make testable predictions?arrow_forwardKepler’s third law says that the orbital period (in years) is proportional to the square root of the cube of the mean distance (in AU) from the Sun (Pa1.5) . For mean distances from 0.1 to 32 AU, calculate and plot a curve showing the expected Keplerian period. For each planet in our solar system, look up the mean distance from the Sun in AU and the orbital period in years and overplot these data on the theoretical Keplerian curve.arrow_forward
- Barnard’s Star, the second closest star to us, is about 56 trillion (5.61012) km away. Calculate how far it would be using the scale model of the solar system given in Overview of Our Planetary System.arrow_forwardBriefly explain your answer.arrow_forwardThe table below presents the semi-major axis (a) and Actual orbital period for all of the major planets in the solar system. Cube for each planet the semi-major axis in Astronomical Units. Then take the square root of this number to get the Calculated orbital period of each planet. Fill in the final row of data for each planet. Table of Data for Kepler’s Third Law: Table of Data for Kepler’s Third Law: Planet aau = Semi-Major Axis (AU) Actual Planet Calculated Planet Period (Yr) Period (Yr) __________ ______________________ ___________ ________________ Mercury 0.39 0.24 Venus 0.72 0.62 Earth 1.00 1.00 Mars 1.52 1.88 Jupiter…arrow_forward
- The diagram below shows the orbit of a star with an exoplanet and the corresponding radial velocity curve for the star. Four locations in the planet's orbit are shown. Questions 5-8 refer to this diagram. 5. For each of the four locations of the planet, mark and label on the star's orbit where the star would be at that time. 6. For each of the four positions of the star, draw arrow to indicate which way the star is moving at that time. 7. For each of the four positions of the star, indicate whether the star's light is redshifted, blueshifted, or not shifted. 8. Mark and label the positions on the radial velocity curve that correspond to the four letters. Remember that positive radial velocities correspond to the star moving away from the Earth!! ↑ To Earth Orbit of Star Orbit of Planet D 2 Radial Velocity (m/s) 50 25 -25 -50 ←++ Timearrow_forwardUse Kepler's 3rd Law and the small angle approximation. a) An object is located in the solar system at a distance from the Sun equal to 41 AU's . What is the objects orbital period? b) An object seen in a telescope has an angular diameter equivalent to 41 (in units of arc seconds). What is its linear diameter if the object is 250 million km from you? Draw a labeled diagram of this situation.arrow_forwardDirection: Use your knowledge about solving equations to work out to complete the table below. Show your solution with proper units. R° (meters) T R° / T° { (meters) / Planet Average Times of Radius of Revolution (seconds) (seconds) } Planet's Orbit (Planet's year) R T (seconds) (meters) Mercury 5.7869 x 10:0 7.605 x 10 Venus 1.081 x 101 1.941 x 107 Earth 1.4996 x 10" 3.156 x 10 Mars 2.280 x 101 5.936 x 10 Jupiter 7.783 x 10" 3.743 x 10 Saturn 1.426 x 10 9.296 x 10arrow_forward
- Exoplanet orbital period (b) For the system pictured in the previous problem (and using data given there), suppose that the star has a mass of 0.025 solar masses, and the planet's mass is very small in comparison. Compute the planet's orbit period. Assume the orbit is circular with a radius given by the distance listed in the figure. Express your answer in years. [Hint: this is a mildly challenging problem that requires plugging into a single formula but using multiple unit conversions. You will need to use Kepler's 3rd law in its **general** form (not the simplified form that is only applicable to objects orbiting our Sun). You will need to look up the value of the constant G. Convert solar masses to kg, AU to m, and everything else to base Sl units; find the period in seconds; then convert seconds to years.]arrow_forwardAs discussed in class, the moon is receding from the Earth due to tides at a rate of ~4 cm/year. Let’s assume that rate has been constant throughout time (it wasn’t, but we can use it to illustrate some key points). Its current semi-major axis is 384,400 km.a) If the moon formed 4.5 billion years ago and has been receding from the Earth ever since, what was its original semi-major axis? What was its original orbital period?b) What would the apparent size of the Moon have been in the sky as viewed from Earth? That is, in Hmwk 2, you were told the diameter of the Moon spans about 0.5o when viewed from Earth today. What would it have been when the Moon first formed? Reletive Numbers Relevant Numbers1 AU = 150,000,000 km = 1.5x108 kmEccentricity of Earth’s Orbit: 0.0167Radius of Earth: 6371 kmMass of Earth: 5.96x1024 kgRadius of the Moon: 1737 kmMass of Moon: 7.34x1022 kgRadius of Mars: 3390 kmMass of Mars: 6.4x1023 kgRadius of the Sun: R⦿=696,300 kmMass of the Sun: M⦿=2x1030…arrow_forwardIn Table 2, there is a list of 15 planets, some of which are real objects discovered by the Kepler space telescope, and some are hypothetical planets. For each one, you are provided the temperature of the star that each planet orbits in degrees Kelvin (K), the distance that each planet orbits from their star in astronomical units (AUs) and the size or radius of each planet in Earth radii (RE). Since we are concerned with finding Earth-like planets, we will assume that the composition of these planets are similar to Earth's, so we will not directly look at their masses, rather their sizes (radii) along with the other characteristics. Determine which of these 15 planets meets our criteria of a planet that could possibly support Earth-like life. Use the Habitable Planet Classification Flow Chart (below) to complete Table 2. Whenever the individual value you are looking at falls within the range of values specified on the flow chart, mark the cell to the right of the value with a Y for…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Stars and Galaxies (MindTap Course List)PhysicsISBN:9781337399944Author:Michael A. SeedsPublisher:Cengage Learning
AstronomyPhysicsISBN:9781938168284Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. WolffPublisher:OpenStax
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)PhysicsISBN:9781337399920Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana BackmanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Stars and Galaxies (MindTap Course List)
Physics
ISBN:9781337399944
Author:Michael A. Seeds
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Astronomy
Physics
ISBN:9781938168284
Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher:OpenStax
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
Physics
ISBN:9781337399920
Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Kepler's Three Laws Explained; Author: PhysicsHigh;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kyR6EO_RMKE;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY