Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Standalone Access Card -- for Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134606125
Author: Martha R. Taylor, Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Kelly A. Hogan, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 15TYK
Imagine you are on a team designing a moon base that will be self-contained and self-sustaining. Once supplied with building materials, equipment, and organisms from Earth, the base will be expected to function indefinitely. One of the team members has suggested that everything sent to the base be sterilized so that no bacteria of any kind are present. Do you think this is a good idea? Predict some of the consequences of eliminating all bacteria from an environment.
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A recent study found that 480 Streptomyces strains freshly isolated from the soil are resistant to at least six different antibiotics. In fact, some isolates are resistant to 20 different antibiotic drugs.Why do you think these bacteria (which are neither pathogenic nor exposed to human use of antibiotics) are resistant to so many drugs?
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Standalone Access Card -- for Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (9th Edition)
Ch. 16 - Explain how each of the following characteristics...Ch. 16 - Fill in the blanks on the phylogenetic tree (on...Ch. 16 - In terms of nutrition, autotrophs are to...Ch. 16 - A new organism has been discovered. Tests have...Ch. 16 - Which pair of protists has support structures...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 16 - Which of the following prokaryotes is not...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 16 - What characteristic distinguishes true...Ch. 16 - Prob. 10TYK
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- if there are 1,000,000 bacteria and 90% of them are killed, how many bacteria remain?arrow_forwardAntibiotic resistant bacteria have become a major concern for many public health officials. Widespread use of antibiotics has created an evolutionary pressure on infectious bacteria to develop immunity to these medications. The result is an increase in antibiotic resistant microbes, particularly in settings where antibiotics are commonly used, such as hospitals. One strategy public health officials have devised to counteract these infectious microbes is "antibiotic cycling” where specific antibiotics are withdrawn from the market for a period of several years, then reintroduced as another antibiotic is withdrawn. How would this strategy help limit antibiotic resistance? A. It is impossible for a bacterium to maintain resistance to two antibiotics at once B. When a given antibiotic is not in use, it is an evolutionary disadvantage to carry the unneeded gene C. If a specific antibiotic is removed from the market it is possible to substitute with a related antibiotic such as…arrow_forwardIn a series of infection experiments, a researcher discovers that the ID50 value for the infectious bacterium Parasiticum mucoides is 2,000, and that the ID50 for another infectious bacterium, Donoteatum thisbacterium, is 150. Given these data, a person exposed to 1,000 bacteria of each type would be more likely to be infected by which bacterium? There is no way to know given the information provided Both infections are equally likely Donoteatum thisbacterium Parasiticum mucoidesarrow_forward
- The image analyzer shows a photograph of six different antibiotic samples placed in a Petri dish where bacteria were spread out and allowed to grow. Each sample has a zone of inhibition around it where no bacteria grew.arrow_forwardIn order to transform a bacteria, the cell wall should be perforated either through physical or chemical means. true or false?arrow_forwardWhat is a lawn of bacteria? an uneven layer of bacteria covering an entire surface an uneven layer of bacteria covering only part of a surface a uniform, even layer of bacteria covering an entire surface a uniform, even layer of bacteria covering part of a surfacearrow_forward
- What is the difference between a bactericidal antibiotic and an antibiotic that is bacteriostatic? Examine the zone of inhibition around each disk for the presence of micro colonies within the zone. What do these micro colonies represent? Why didn't plants evolve anti-microbial agents against all the microbes in their environment?arrow_forwardMany pathogenic bacteria are unable to make some of the metabolic compounds needed for growth and have instead evolved enzymes that enable the bacteria to actually invade human body cells. What do these bacteria expect to accomplish by this practice?arrow_forwardWhy do you think there could be antibiotic resistant organisms before 1942 since bacteria need to "see" the antibiotic before it can become resistant?arrow_forward
- Why was Van Leeuwenhoek's discovery of the unknown such a milestone achievement for the progress in microbiology? Why do you think there were not too many other discoveries for some time after?arrow_forwardWhat are secondary metabolites? In terms of microbial technology, how do we get bacteria to produce them with cloning technology? Explain the stages in schematics and explanations.arrow_forwardWhat role does the human microfauna play in protecting humans against pathogens? (At this point in the class, you should be able to provide a detailed list of activities bacteria species perform in and on our body that protect us from pathogens.)arrow_forward
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Bacterial Genomics and Metagenomics; Author: Quadram Institute;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_6IdVTAFXoU;License: Standard youtube license