Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 15TYU
EVOLUTION LINK Explain some of the evolutionary implications that one can conclude from mice and humans having about five hundred DNA segments that are completely identical.
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DNA sequences can act as "tape measures of evolution". Scientists analyzing the human genome sequence were surprised to find that some regions of the human genome that are most highly conserved (similar to comparable regions in other species) don't code for proteins at all. Given what you've learned about "genes" speculate on reasons why this might be so.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 16.1 - Distinguish between karyotyping and pedigree...Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 16.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 16.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 16.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 16.1 - Describe two ways in which genome database...Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 4CCh. 16.2 - Explain how nondisjunction in meiosis is...Ch. 16.2 - Distinguish among the following structural...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 6LO
Ch. 16.2 - VISUALIZE Draw a simple sketch illustrating how...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 16.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 16.2 - Prob. 4CCh. 16.3 - State whether each of the following genetic...Ch. 16.3 - Which of the following genetic diseases is/are...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 16.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 16.4 - Briefly discuss the process of gene therapy,...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 16.5 - State the relative advantages and disadvantages of...Ch. 16.5 - Distinguish between genetic screening programs for...Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 16.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 16.6 - Prob. 11LOCh. 16.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 16.6 - CONNECT To be expressed, an autosomal recessive...Ch. 16.6 - Prob. 3CCh. 16 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 16 - An abnormality in which there is one more or one...Ch. 16 - The failure of chromosomes to separate normally...Ch. 16 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 16 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 16 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 16 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 16 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 16 - Examine the following pedigrees. Which is the most...Ch. 16 - Examine the following pedigrees. Which is the most...Ch. 16 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 16 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Imagine that you...Ch. 16 - A common belief about human genetics is that an...Ch. 16 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 16 - EVOLUTION LINK Explain some of the evolutionary...
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- When the human genome sequence was finally completed, scientists were surprised to discover that the genome contains far fewer genes than expected. How many genes are present in the human genome? Scientists have also found that there are many more different kinds of proteins in human cells than there are different genes in the genome. How can this be explained?arrow_forwardEVOLUTION LINK DNA technology, such as the production of transgenic animals, is possible only because widely different organisms have essentially identical genetic systems (DNA RNA protein). What is the evolutionary significance of the universality of genetic systems in organisms as diverse as bacteria and pigs?arrow_forwardThe continuity of life is based on heritable information in the form of DNA, and structure and function are correlated at all levels of biological organization. In a short essay (100−150 words), describe how the structure of DNA is correlated with its role as the molecular basis of inheritance.arrow_forward
- Explain how the sequence of a molecule of DNA, madeup of many monomers of only four possible nucleotides,can encode the enormous amount of genetic informationstored in the chromosomes of living organisms.arrow_forwardEvolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life, and the continuity of life is based on heritable information in the form of DNA. In a short essay (100-150 words), discuss how the fidelity with which DNA is inherited is related to the processes of evolution. (Review the discussion of proofreading and DNA repair in Concept 16.2.)arrow_forwardIn your own words, define the terms “orthologous” and “paralogous” genes. Then, briefly suggest by what mechanism, during evolution, each of these homologous gene types is most likely to have arisen.arrow_forward
- Comparing your plant (banana) and animal (human) samples, which has more DNA? Take note that DNA is carried on chromosomes, relate your explanation with how many chromosomes each sample carries.arrow_forwardClearly, all humans have variations in their DNA sequences. How is it possible to sequence the human genome if every individual is unique? How was the diversity of the human genome addressed?arrow_forwardGenetics The Basque people, who have a distinct language, live on the coastal border of France and Spain. The 700,000 modern Basques had long been thought to descend from hunter-gatherers who lived in the area about 7,500 years ago, before the first farmers arrived. DNA told a different story. Researchers compared the genome sequences of bones from eight Basque farmers who had lived in a cave in northern Spain from 5,500 to 3,500 years ago to genomes from other skeletons representing several European hunter-gatherers and early farming groups, as well as to modern Europeans. While the ancient farmers had genomes representing many groups, including those of hunter-gatherers, the Basques indeed have a unique genome — but one that descends from the earliest farmers, not from hunter-gatherers. Apparently, their uniqueness today is due to their self-imposed isolation as the rest of Europe interbred Question: Until recently, the Basque people of Europe were thought to have descended…arrow_forward
- Based on literature, the number of genes in the human genome is lower compared to rice but rice have fewer chromosomes and lesser amount of DNA than humans. What is the main reason for this difference in the DNA-gene ratio?arrow_forwardComparing the plant (banana) and animal (human cheek cell) samples, which has more DNA? Take note that DNA is carried on chromosomes, relate the explanation with how many chromosomes each sample carries.arrow_forwardGENETICS QUESTION You need to do a genomic DNA extraction, but you have run out of solutions in the lab. Knowing the basic 'theory' of how you can purify genomic DNA, list 3 types of solutions you could make up and note why.arrow_forward
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